Table 2. Independent associations of health characteristics with current and past dog/cat ownership among community-dwelling older Japanese.

Independent Variable	Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)
PHYSICAL FUCNTION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Motor fitness scale (per 1-point increase)	1.01 (1.01–1.02) *
Walking activity (per 10-MET-hours/week increase)	1.02 (1.01–1.04) *
SOCIAL FUNCTION
Interaction with neighbors: No social contact§	1
Exchange of greetings only	1.27 (1.06–1.52) *
Conversation	1.49 (1.24–1.79) **
Significant relationship	1.64 (1.35–2.00) **
Social isolation: no§	1
yes	0.74 (0.66–0.80) **
Trust in neighbors: no §	1
yes	1.24 (1.12–1.38) **
PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTION
Subjective happiness: rather unhappy, unhappy, §	1
happy, rather happy	1.09 (0.91–1.31)
Self-rated health: Fair to poor§	1
Excellent to good	1.07 (0.95–1.20)
GDS-5	1.01 (0.98–1.05)
WHO-5 (per 10-point increase)	1.01 (0.99–1.03)

*P < .05,

**P < .01;

§ reference group.