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. 2020 Feb 10;9(2):15. doi: 10.1038/s41389-020-0195-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Representative image of NOC (N-methyl-N-nitroso-urea, MNU) and H. pylori plus NOC -induced mouse model of gastric cancer. b HE staining of stomach tissues from the carcinogen-treated mice. c Histone H3 phosphorylation was analyzed by WB of stomach tissues from the carcinogen-treated mice at different times. d WB analysis of signaling pathways related to cell proliferation in GES-1 and NOC-treated cells with the indicated antibodies. e Cell colony-forming ability in soft agar of p-H3S10 increased or unchanged subcloned NOC-treated cells. f, g AG490 50 μM, SB203580 10 μM, AZD1480 2 μM, Tocilizumab 10 μM, scramble siRNA (siCtr) or STAT3 siRNA were used to treat the MNU-transformed cells, respectively. The level of p-H3S10 was determined by WB. h STAT3 expression score by IHC in 52 paired gastric cancer tissues. i The representative images of STAT3 and p-H3S10 levels in human gastric cancer tissues by IHC. Scale bar: 200μm. The analyses were repeated three times, and the results were expressed as mean ± SD. *^/#p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. GES-1-MNNG or GES-1-MNU: MNNG- or MNU-induced malignantly transformed GES-1 cell; GES-1-MNNG-C or GES-1-MNU-C: subcloned cells derived from GES-1-MNNG or GES-1-MNU.