Table 2.
Univariate models estimating associations of participant characteristics, ZIP code-level racial/ethnic concentration, and county-level mortgage discrimination with racial/ethnic homophily in sexual partnerships among people who inject drugs (n = 7847) living in 19 US cities in 2012
| Odds ratio5 (95% CI) | |
|---|---|
| Participant characteristics | |
| Current age | 1.14 (1.08, 1.21)* |
| Female | 0.81 (0.72, 0.92)* |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| White (reference) | 1.00 |
| Black | 1.57 (1.35, 1.83)* |
| Latino | 0.59 (0.51, 0.69)* |
| Annual income | 0.97 (0.92, 1.02) |
| High school/general equivalency diploma | 0.94 (0.83, 1.05) |
| Full-time employment | 0.83 (0.64, 1.07) |
| Incarceration, past 12 months | 0.88 (0.78, 0.98)* |
| Homelessness, past 12 months | 0.74 (0.66, 0.83)* |
| Drug use and sexual behaviors | |
| Daily injection, past 12 months | 1.02 (0.90, 1.16) |
| Binge drinking, past 12 months | 0.90 (0.80, 1.01) |
| Non-injection drug use, past 12 months | 0.87 (0.76, 1.00)* |
| Sex exchange, past 12 months | 0.69 (0.62, 0.77)* |
| Region and place characteristics | |
| Northeast (reference) | 1.00 |
| South | 2.41 (1.45, 3.99)* |
| Midwest | 2.05 (0.95, 4.40) |
| West | 0.78 (0.46, 1.34) |
| ZIP code (N = 889) | |
| Concentration of Black vs. White residents | 1.17 (1.08, 1.27)* |
| Concentration of Latino vs. White residents | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) |
| County (N = 53) | |
| Mortgage discrimination against Black residents | 1.00 (0.81, 1.22) |
| Mortgage discrimination against Latino residents | 0.95 (0.75, 1.20) |
5Standardized odds ratios are presented. Asterisk denotes p < 0.05