Tr1-catalyzed redox cycling of Dox. (A) Diagram depicting reduction of Dox to a semiquinone, which decays back to Dox, generating superoxide, H2O2, and other free radicals. (B) H2O2 formation by Cbr1 and Tr1. Reaction conditions were 200 µM NADPH, 50 µM Dox, and 1 µM enzyme; incubations were for 1 hour at room temperature.