Table 2.

Integration of behavior change techniques into Smartphone Cardiac Rehabilitation, Assisted self-Management exercise training and behavioral support intervention components.

Behavior change technique	Exercise training		Push notification modules (n)
	Monitoring+coaching	Goals+self-monitoring	Heart health	Physical activity	Healthy eating	Stress management	Smoking cessation	Total
1.1 Goal setting (behavior)	Yes	Yes	22	9	12	10	6	59
1.2 Problem solving	N/Aa	N/A	17	18	6	3	10	54
1.4 Action planning	N/A	N/A	31	12	17	15	15	90
1.5 Review behavior goal(s)	Yes	Yes	6	4	0	N/A	4	14
1.6 Discrepancy between current behavior and goal	Yes	Yes	10	5	2	N/A	N/A	17
2.3 Self-monitoring of behavior	Yes	Yes	42	19	24	20	15	120
3.1 Social support (unspecified)	Yes	N/A	7	0	1	2	0	10
3.3 Social support (emotional)	Yes	N/A	15	9	1	9	8	42
4.1 Instruction on how to perform behavior	Yes	N/A	17	16	14	12	3	62
5.1 Information about health consequences	N/A	N/A	9	4	12	9	10	44
7.1 Prompts/cues	N/A	N/A	3	0	0	0	2	5
7.3 Reduce prompts/cues	Yesc	N/A	Yesb	Yesb	Yesb	Yesb	Yesb	Yesb
8.2 Behavior substitution	N/A	N/A	2	2	8	0	0	12
8.3 Habit formation	N/A	N/A	3	2	0	0	0	5
8.4 Habit reversal	N/A	N/A	0	1	0	0	1	2
8.7 Graded tasks	Yes	N/A	5	4	3	0	3	15
9.1 Credible source	Yesc	N/A	Yesc	Yesc	Yesc	Yesc	Yesc	Yesc
10.4 Social reward	Yes	N/A	16	13	5	2	5	41
10.9 Self-reward	N/A	N/A	2	0	0	0	0	2
11.1 Pharmacological support	N/A	N/A	1	0	0	0	3	4
12.1 Restructuring the physical environment	N/A	N/A	2	0	0	0	1	3
12.3 Avoidance/reducing exposure to cues for the behavior	N/A	N/A	0	0	0	0	3	3
15.1 Verbal persuasion about capability	Yes	N/A	5	1	1	2	3	12
15.3 Focus on past success	Yes	Yes	11	0	1	2	0	14
Number of discrete behavior change technique within intervention components	11	5	20	15	14	11	16	24
Total instances of behavior change technique use within intervention components	—d	—d	226	119	107	86	92	630

^aNot applicable.

^bImplicit in the dual-phase intervention design.

^cImplicit in inclusion of accredited exercise physiologists and behavioral scientists in intervention design and delivery.

^dInstances of behavior change technique use cannot be prospectively quantified for these features.