Table 2.
HRs for the association of diabetes with risk of stroke by age, race, and sex groups: the REGARDS Study*
| Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/N† | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |
| Age <65 years at baseline | |||||||
| White women with diabetes | 18/373 | 4.53 | 2.58–7.93 | 3.92 | 2.23–6.89 | 3.72 | 2.10–6.57 |
| White women without diabetes | 38/3,296 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| Black women with diabetes | 34/784 | 2.04 | 1.33–3.14 | 1.96 | 1.27–3.01 | 1.88 | 1.22–2.90 |
| Black women without diabetes | 53/2,359 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| White men with diabetes | 25/459 | 2.59 | 1.63–4.11 | 2.31 | 1.45–3.68 | 2.01 | 1.27–3.27 |
| White men without diabetes | 63/2,795 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| Black men with diabetes | 23/477 | 1.38 | 0.84–2.28 | 1.37 | 0.83–2.25 | 1.27 | 0.77–2.10 |
| Black men without diabetes | 48/1,360 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| Age ≥65 years at baseline | |||||||
| White women with diabetes | 38/418 | 1.92 | 1.35–2.73 | 1.82 | 1.27–2.59 | 1.79 | 1.25–2.58 |
| White women without diabetes | 158/2,882 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| Black women with diabetes | 47/723 | 1.10 | 0.78–1.55 | 1.06 | 0.75–1.49 | 1.05 | 0.74–1.48 |
| Black women without diabetes | 112/1,740 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| White men with diabetes | 42/668 | 1.01 | 0.72–1.40 | 0.94 | 0.68–1.31 | 0.86 | 0.62–1.21 |
| White men without diabetes | 221/3,092 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| Black men with diabetes | 42/497 | 1.79 | 1.20–2.67 | 1.78 | 1.19–2.65 | 1.68 | 1.13–2.52 |
| Black men without diabetes | 56/1,079 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
Model 1: unadjusted. Model 2: adjusted for age (centered), education, annual household income, health insurance coverage, geographic region of residence, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and physical activity. Model 3: model 2 adjustments plus adjustments for BMI, triglyceride-to-HDL ratio, LDL cholesterol, statin use, systolic blood pressure, use of antihypertensive medications, eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, albumin-to-creatinine ratio, MI, atrial fibrillation, and left ventricular hypertrophy.
*Interaction term age-race-sex-diabetes, P = 0.1087.
†n in the numerator is total stroke events in each group, and N in the denominator is total individuals in the corresponding group.