Table 3.
Comparison for lactate kinetic parameters between volunteers and ICU patients by non-compartmental analysis
| Volunteers (n = 6) | ICU patients (n = 10) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUC total [% × min] | 172 ± 50 | 105 ± 43 | 0.021 |
| AUCextrap [% × min] | 11.6 ± 7.8 | 9.0 ± 4.9 | 0.474 |
| AUCextrap [% of AUC total] | 6.7 ± 4.2 | 9.7 ± 7.0 | 0.300 |
| Ra [μmol/kg/min] | 12.8 ± 3.9 | 22.7 ± 11.1 | 0.025 |
| Ra [mmol/min] | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 0.067 |
| Metabolic clearance [L/min] | 1.56 ± 0.39 | 1.12 ± 0.43 | 0.058 |
| Plasma lactate [mmol/L] | 0.7 (0.4–0.9) | 1.4 (0.6–4.9) | 0.065 |
| AUMC total [% × min2] | 5138 ± 2350 | 3899 ± 1358 | 0.263 |
| MRT [min] | 25.8 (21.6–51.2) | 33.3 (22.8–82.2) | 0.076 |
| Vss [L] | 45.4 ± 14.0 | 42.0 ± 14.7 | 0.649 |
| Vc [L] | 9.6 ± 2.5 | 9.7 ± 3.0 | 0.937 |
Values are presented as means ± standard deviation or medians (range) as appropriate according to Shapiro Wilk’s normality test. p values refer to unpaired two-sided t test with Welch’s correction (not assuming the same standard deviation in both groups) or Mann-Whitney test for nonparametric data. AUC area under the curve, AUCextrap the part of AUC that is beyond the last measurement point, Ra rate of appearance, AUMC area under the first moment curve, MRT mean residence time, Vss volume of distribution at steady state, Vc central volume of distribution. Details of the pharmacokinetic non-compartmental modeling are presented in Additional file 1