Table 5.
Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with physical activity status among pregnant women attending antenatal care at public and private health facilities in Mekelle city, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 299)
| Variables | Sedentary (237) n (%) | Active (62) n (%) | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group (years) | |||||
| 16–25 | 121 (40.5) | 27 (9) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| 26–35 | 106 (35.5) | 30 (10) | 1.27 (0.71,2.27) | 2.69 (1.07, 6.78) | 0.036* |
| > =36 | 10 (3.3) | 5 (1.7) | 2.24 (0.71,7.09) | 6.66 (0.93,7.98) | 0.060 |
| Level of education | |||||
| Unable to read and write | 17 (5.7) | 4 (1.3) | 1.27 (0.37,4.38) | 2.08 (0.49,8.87) | 0.324 |
| Non-formal education | 11 (3.7) | 11 (3.7) | 5.39 (1.93,14.99) | 13.5 (2.65,68.91) | 0.002** |
| Primary school (1–8 grades) | 41 (13.7) | 10 (3.3) | 1.31 (0.53,3.26) | 1.73 (0.53,5.64) | 0.366 |
| High school (9–12 grades) | 98 (32.8) | 24 (8) | 1.32 (0.63,2.77) | 2.02 (0.78,5.23) | 0.146 |
| College /university and above level | 70 (23.4) | 13 (4.4) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Married | 211(70.6) | 51 (17) | 0.57 (0.27,1.23) | 0.26 (0.09,0.73) | 0.011** |
| Not married | 26 (8.7) | 11 (3.7) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| Occupational (employment) status | |||||
| Government employee | 37 (12.4) | 4 (1.3) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| Private business | 33 (11) | 9 (3.1) | 2.39 (0.66,8.69) | 3.32 (0.68,16.16) | 0.137 |
| women who did not work outside home | 124 (41.5) | 44 (14.7) | 3.30 (1.12,9.79) | 5.23 (1.34,20.38) | 0.017* |
| Student | 10 (3.4) | 1 (0.3) | 0.93 (0.09,9.23) | 0.95 (0.07,12.27) | 0.966 |
| Merchant | 33 (11) | 4 (1.3) | 1.12 (0.26,4.84) | 2.06 (0.37,11.53) | 0.409 |
| Stage of pregnancy | |||||
| First trimester ≤13 weeks | 30 (10) | 4 (1.3) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| Second trimester (14–27) weeks | 92 (30.8) | 19 (6.4) | 1.55 (0.49,4.91) | 1.52 (0.34,6.74) | 0.582 |
| Third trimester ≥28 weeks | 115 (38.5) | 39 (13.0) | 2.54 (0.84,7.68) | 2.04 (0.49,8.29) | 0.322 |
| Parity | |||||
| 0 child | 102 (34.1) | 29 (9.7) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| 1 child | 65 (21.8) | 14 (4.7) | 0.76 (0.37,1.54) | 0.69 (0.29,1.69) | 0.429 |
| 2 children | 40 (13.4) | 7 (2.3) | 0.62 (0.25,1.52) | 0.13 (0.03,0.59) | 0.008** |
| > 2 children | 30 (10.0) | 12 (4.0) | 1.41 (0.64,3.09) | 0.56 (0.13,2.38) | 0.435 |
| Travel time to a health facility | |||||
| < 60 min | 179 (59.9) | 54 (18.0) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| (≥60 min) | 58 (19.4) | 8 (2.7) | 0.46 (0.21,1.02) | 0.31 (0.11,0.89) | 0.030* |
| Symptoms of discomfort | |||||
| Yes | 103 (34.5) | 18 (6.0) | 1.88 (1.03,3.44) | 1.74 (0.77,3.95) | 0.186 |
| No | 134 (44.8) | 44 (14.7) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| Exercise advices from a medical professional | |||||
| Yes | 163 (54.5) | 48 (16) | 0.64 (0.33,1.24) | 0.60 (0.24,1.52) | 0.281 |
| No | 74 (24.8) | 14 (4.7) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| A habit of exercise during pregnant | |||||
| I continued doing exercises | 91 (30.4) | 19 (6.3) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| I stopped the exercises | 37 (12.4) | 7 (2.3) | 0.91 (0.35,2.34) | 0.97 (0.35,2.70) | 0.960 |
| I continued to exercise but slowed down | 51 (17.1) | 23 (7.7) | 2.20 (1.09,4.43) | 2.28 (1.03,5.04) | 0.041* |
| Self-evaluation of PA level prior to pregnancy | |||||
| Low | 36 (12.1) | 4 (1.3) | 0.50 (0.11,2.23) | 0.37 (0.05,2.60) | 0.319 |
| Moderate | 183 (61.2) | 54 (18.1) | 1.33 (0.43,4.09) | 0.82 (0.19,3.44) | 0.785 |
| High | 18 (6.0) | 4 (1.3) | (ref) | (ref) | |
| Self-evaluation of PA changes during pregnancy | |||||
| Less active | 96 (32.1) | 27 (9.0) | 0.97 (0.55,1.73) | 1.05 (0.45,2.46) | 0.918 |
| Increased activity | 27 (9.0) | 2 (0.7) | 0.26 (0.06,1.13) | 0.37 (0.07,2.04) | 0.254 |
| No change | 114 (38.2) | 33 (11.0) | (ref) | (ref) | |