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. 2020 Jan 26;11(1):40–49. doi: 10.14740/cr958

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Copyright 2020, Koroma et al.

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Forest plot showing the effect of ivabradine on exercise tolerance (peak VO₂ (mg/kg/min), distance on 6-min walking test (m)) compared with control in patients with HFpEF and HFrEF. VO₂: peak oxygen uptake during exercise; HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; CI: confidence interval.