Table 1. Study Characteristics of Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF).
| Author (year) | Number of patients | Setting | Entry LVEF | Control | Mean age (yrs) | Men (%) | Mean HR at baseline (bpm) | Primary endpoint of interest | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kosmala et al, 2013 [15] | 61 | Two centers | ≥ 50% | Placebo | 67 ± 8 | N/A | E/e’, E/A, peak VO2 | 7 days | |
| Cocco et al, 2013 [16] | 42 | Single-center | > 50% | Digoxin | 61.8 ± 4.4 | 48 | 85 ± 5 | E/e’, E/A, 6MWT | 3 months |
| Pal et al, 2015 [17] | 22 | ≥ 50% | Placebo | N/A | N/A | E/e’, peak VO2 | 2 weeks |
LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; yrs: years; HR: heart rate; bpm: beats per minute; E/e’: early diastolic mitral inflow to annular velocity ratio; E/A: early diastolic mitral inflow to late diastolic flow ratio; 6MWT: 6-min walk test; VO2: peak oxygen uptake during exercise; N/A: not available.