Table 3.
The anti-inflammatory properties of licorice compounds in vivo.
| Compounds | Inflammation tissue/disease | Models | Treatment | Outcomes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18β-GC | An intratracheal instillation of LPS (1 mg·kg−1) | Male BALB/C mice weighing 20–25 g | Intraperitoneal injection of 10, 25 and 50 mg·kg−1 | Markedly decrease the MPO activity and NO concentrations | (Ni et al. 2011) |
| Injection of 0.94 nmole (0.2 μg) of kainic acid (KA)-induced neuronal death model | Male BALB/c mice (25-30 g) | Intraperitoneal injection of 10 or 50 mg·kg−1 | Iβ-1-positive cells are almost completely suppressedby 50 mg·kg−118β-GC | (Luo et al. 2013) | |
| 18α-GC | 20% paraquat poisoning solution at 15 mg·kg−1 dose | 30 male Sprague Dawley rats from 180 g to 200 g | Intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg·kg−1 | Significantly decrease intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) | (Xiao et al. 2014) |
| LCA | Noninfectious mouse model of asthma | BALB/c mice | 50 mg·kg−1 | Inhibit the increase in T-helper type 2 cytokines, reduce serum levels of ovalbumin-specific IgE and IgG | (Chu et al. 2013) |
| Topical inflammation was instantly induced on the posterior surface of the same ear by the application of xylene (0.05 mL) | Kunming mice 20–25 g and Wistar rats (150–200 g) | 5 mg·kg−1 | Decrease the ear oedema rate by30.3% | (Cui et al. 2008) | |
| 0.1 mL freshly prepared carrageenan was injected into the right hind paw | Kunming mice 20–25 g and Wistar rats (150–200 g) | 2.5, 5 and 10 mg·kg−1 body weight | Dose-dependentreduce the paw oedema rateby 41.3, 39.7 and 30.7%, respectively | (Cui et al. 2008) | |
| LCE | 5 nmoles of TPA 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse ear oedema | ICR mice | 0.5–2 mg | Dose-dependently reduce the TPA-induced increase in ear weight and ear thickness | (Lee et al. 2013) |
| ISL | Male, 5-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a HFD containing 60% fat | C57BL/6 mice | 10 μM | Inhibit HFD-induced IL-1 and caspase-1 production | (Honda et al. 2014) |
| GLD | 5% dextran sulphate sodium-induced BALB/c mice | BALB/c mice | 10 or 50 mg·kg−1 | Attenuate mortality, loss of body weight, shortening of the colon and severe clinical symptoms. | (Kwon et al. 2008) |