Table 2. Estimated vaccine efficacy of recommended WHO vaccine strains against influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 strains circulating in Kenya during 2015 to 2018 seasons.

Dominant epitopes are shown in Bold.

Year (N)	Vaccine Strain	No. of strains	Dominant Epitope	No. of mutations	Residue differences	Pepitope	Efficacy (%)
2015 (N = 5)	A/California/7/2009	2	C	1	R45K	0.03	39.6
		5	C	1	K283E	0.03	39.6
		1	E	1	A48P	0.029	39.8
		5	E	2	P83S, S84N	0.059	32.4
		1	A	2	N129D	0.042	36.6
		1	A	1	T133P	0.042	36.6
		5	D	1	K163Q	0.021	41.8
		5	B	1	S185T	0.045	35.9
2016 (N = 2)	A/California/7/2009	1	E	1	L70F	0.029	39.8
		2	E	2	P83S, S84N	0.059	32.4
		1	E	1	M257L	0.029	39.8
		1	B	1	N156K	0.045	35.9
		1	B	1	S162R	0.045	35.9
		2	B	1	S185T	0.045	35.9
		2	D	1	K163Q	0.021	41.8
		2	C	1	K283E	0.03	39.6
2017 (N = 2)	A/Michigan/45/2015	2	E	1	S74R	0.029	39.8
		2	D	1	S164T	0.021	41.8
		2	C	1	I295V	0.03	39.6
2018 (N = 29)	A/Michigan/45/2015	1	C	1	K36R	0.03	39.6
		1	C	1	R45K	0.03	39.6
		6	C	1	H273Y	0.03	39.6
		29	C	1	I295V	0.03	39.6
		29	E	1	S74R	0.059	32.4
		1	E	1	A261T	0.029	39.8
		2	B	1	S183P	0.045	35.9
		21	A	1	T120A	0.042	36.6
		1	A	1	S128L	0.042	36.6
		6	A	2	P137S, A141E	0.083	26.5
		3	A	1	I149L	0.042	36.6
		29	D	1	S164T	0.02	42.1
		2	D	1	T216I	0.02	42.1
		1	D	1	E235K	0.02	42.1
		1	D	1	T245P	0.02	42.1
	A/Brisbane/02/2018	21	A	1	T120A	0.042	36.6
		6	A	2	P137S, A141E	0.083	26.5
		1	A	1	I149L	0.042	36.6
		1	A	1	S128L	0.042	36.6
		29	C	2	G45R, V298I	0.06	32.2
		6	C	1	H273Y	0.03	39.6
		1	C	1	K36R	0.03	39.6
		29	D	1	R223Q	0.02	42.1
		1	D	1	T245P	0.02	42.1
		2	D	1	T216I	0.02	42.1
		27	B	1	P183S	0.045	35.9
		1	E	1	A261T	0.059	32.4