Table 2.
Associations Between Mid-Child Hair Cortisol Concentrationsa and Early Teen Measures of Adiposity in White Participants
| Adjusted β (95% CI)b | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Continuousc | ||
| BMI-for-age-and-sex z-score (n=491)d | 0.00 (ref) | −0.22 (−0.43, −0.02) | −0.03 (−0.25, 0.18) | −0.10 (−0.31, 0.11) | 0.00 (−0.08, 0.07) | |
| Waist circumference, cm (n=493)e | 0.00 (ref) | −1.83 (−4.02, 0.35) | 0.82 (−1.44, 3.08) | −0.68 (−2.91, 1.56) | −0.04 (−0.83, 0.74) | |
| Waist-height ratio (n=491)f | 0.00 (ref) | −0.007 (−0.020, 0.007) | 0.011 (−0.003, 0.024) | 0.002 (−0.011, 0.016) | 0.002 (−0.003, 0.007) | |
| DXA total fat mass, kg/m2 (n=371) | 0.00 (ref) | −0.39 (−1.07, 0.29) | 0.25 (−0.47, 0.96) | 0.27 (−0.43, 0.96) | 0.10 (−0.15, 0.35) | |
| DXA truncal fat mass index, kg/m2 (n=371) | 0.00 (ref) | −0.18 (−0.50, 0.13) | 0.11 (−0.22, 0.45) | 0.09 (−0.24, 0.42) | 0.04 (−0.08, 0.16) | |
| Metabolic risk z-score (n=290)d | 0.00 (ref) | −0.06 (−0.25, 0.12) | 0.09 (−0.11, 0.29) | 0.04 (−0.15, 0.24) | 0.04 (−0.03, 0.11) | |
| Adiponectin, (μg/ml) (n=327)d | 0.00 (ref) | 0.00 (−0.84, 0.84) | −0.58 (−1.46, 0.30) | −0.31 (−1.16, 0.55) | −0.11 (−0.40, 0.19) | |
| HOMA-IR (n=291)a,d | 0.00 (ref) | −0.08 (−0.27, 0.10) | 0.04 (−0.16, 0.24) | 0.19 (−0.01, 0.38) | 0.10 (0.04, 0.17) | |
| HDL, mg/dL (n=327)d | 0.00 (ref) | 2.79 (−1.24, 6.82) | 0.23 (−4.00, 4.45) | 3.33 (−0.78, 7.45) | 0.50 (−0.93, 1.93) | |
| CRP, mg/L (n=317)a,d | 0.00 (ref) | 0.12 (−0.22, 0.45) | 0.36 (0.01, 0.71) | 0.10 (−0.24, 0.43) | −0.02 (−0.14, 0.10) | |
| IL-6, pg/mL (n=327)a,d | 0.00 (ref) | 0.06 (−0.14, 0.26) | 0.09 (−0.12, 0.30) | 0.02 (−0.19, 0.22) | 0.00 (−0.07, 0.07) | |
| Leptin, ng/mL (n=327)a,d | 0.00 (ref) | −0.06 (−0.32, 0.21) | 0.04 (−0.24, 0.31) | 0.10 (−0.17, 0.37) | 0.03 (−0.06, 0.12) | |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg (n=490)d | 0.00 (ref) | 0.67 (−1.64, 2.99) | −0.26 (−2.66, 2.14) | −0.78 (−3.15, 1.60) | 0.15 (−0.68, 0.98) | |
Natural log-transformed
All adjusted for maternal age at enrollment (years, continuous), maternal education (college graduate [ref], not a college graduate), pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2, continuous), maternal smoking during pregnancy (yes, no [ref]), household income (<$70,000 [ref], ≥$70,000), child age (continuous, years), child sex (female [ref] vs. male), birthweight-for-sex-and-gestational age z-score (continuous), secondhand smoke exposure (no [ref], yes), mid-childhood pubertal development score (continuous)
Per 1-interquartile range increase in natural log-transformed mid-childhood HCC
Additionally adjusted for early childhood BMI z-score
Additionally adjusted for early childhood waist circumference
Additionally adjusted for early childhood waist-height ratio