Table 2.

Associations between baseline CAC burden, all-cause and cause-specific mortality, overall and by age strata.

	Overall	Age strata
		<40 years (N=4,855)	40–50 years (N=17,802)	50–60 years (N=24,838)	60–70 years (N=13,418)	≥70 years (N=5,723)
All-cause death
CAC=0 (Ref.)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
CAC 1–10	1.04 (0.89, 1.22)	2.91 (1.41, 6.00)	0.80 (0.52, 1.23)	1.20 (0.92, 1.58)	0.98 (0.74, 1.31)	0.97 (0.68, 1.40)
CAC>10	1.63 (1.48, 1.81)	2.90 (1.36, 6.21)	1.81 (1.37, 2.38)	1.77 (1.47, 2.13)	1.43 (1.19, 1.72)	1.80 (1.44, 2.25)
CVD death
CAC=0 (Ref.)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
CAC 1–10	1.22 (0.88, 1.68)	4.45 (1.34, 14.85)	1.17 (0.56, 2.42)	1.18 (0.59, 2.34)	1.07 (0.57, 2.01)	1.15 (0.59, 2.26)
CAC>10	2.31 (1.88, 2.85)	3.88 (0.92, 16.37)	1.87 (1.11, 3.16)	3.17 (2.07, 4.86)	2.11 (1.39, 3.19)	2.33 (1.52, 3.56)
CHD death
CAC=0 (Ref.)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
CAC 1–10	1.00 (0.59, 1.68)	1.25 (0.14, 10.91)	1.67 (0.57, 4.91)	1.74 (0.66, 4.58)	0.42 (0.12, 1.47)	0.66 (0.21, 2.09)
CAC>10	2.83 (2.07, 3.86)	4.12 (0.66, 25.85)	2.97 (1.32, 6.69)	5.08 (2.68, 9.63)	1.89 (1.08, 3.31)	2.43 (1.33, 4.46)
Cancer death
CAC=0 (Ref.)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
CAC 1–10	0.88 (0.69, 1.12)	-	0.76 (0.34, 1.70)	0.91 (0.62, 1.35)	0.88 (0.58, 1.34)	0.78 (0.42, 1.45)
CAC>10	1.19 (1.02, 1.40)	1.64 (0.14, 19.00)	1.34 (0.79, 2.23)	1.08 (0.82, 1.41)	1.07 (0.82, 1.40)	1.23 (0.84, 1.78)

Results presented as hazard ratios from Cox proportional hazards regression analyses (all-cause death), and sub-distribution hazard ratios from Fine and Gray analyses accounting for competing risks (cause-specific death)

Analyses adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of CHD, diabetes, and current smoking status

CAC = coronary artery calcium; CHD = coronary heart disease; CVD = cardiovascular disease; Ref. = reference