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. 2020 Feb 11;11:838. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14664-8

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© The Author(s) 2020, corrected publication 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Design principle for bienzyme-cascade (E2/E3 or E2/E4) or trienzyme-cascade (E1/E2/E3) reactions. b Bienzyme-cascade for glucose detection using glucose oxidase (GOX) and HRP. c Bienzyme-cascade for ethanol detection using alcohol oxidase (AOX) and HRP. d Bienzyme-cascade for glucose detection using GOX and a DNAzyme (G-quadruplex-based peroxidase mimic). e Trienzyme-cascade for amylose detection using amyloglucosidase (AM), GOX and HRP cascade based BEH for the detection of amylose. f The sensors using BEH-engineered electrodes demonstrate sensitivity improvement by 1–3 orders of magnitude as compared to BEH-free ones. Error bars represent the mean ± s.d. of triplicates. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.