Table 4.
Characteristics with IPF patients with or without ESMCSA decline.
| Variable | With ESMCSA decline (≥10.5%) | Without ESMCSA decline (<10.5%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total, n | 33 | 86 | |
| Age, years | 65.0 [60.0–71.0] | 67.0 [62.0–70.8] | 0.744 |
| Sex, Female, n (%) | 6 (18.2%) | 15 (17.4%) | |
| Baseline body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.6 [21.5–24.1] | 24.0 [21.8–26.0] | 0.049 |
| Baseline FVC, % predicted, % | 73.0 [64.9–86.6] | 87.2 [72.7–99.7] | 0.002 |
| Baseline FEV1/ FVC, % | 89.7 [84.8–94.0] | 85.5 [79.1–89.2] | 0.002 |
| Baseline DLCO, % predicted, % | 60.0 [43.6–76.8] | 60.8 [49.4–76.5] | 0.690 |
| Baseline distance walked during 6MWT, m | 558 [482–627] | 593 [536–649] | 0.123 |
| Baseline lowest SpO2 during 6MWT, % | 80.0 [77.0–86.5] | 87.0 [82.0–90.0] | 0.004 |
| Baseline ESMCSA, cm2 | 34.2 [28.2–37.5] | 34.3 [27.3–40.7] | 0.495 |
| ESMCSA after 6 months, cm2 | 27.4 [23.5–31.5] | 33.6 [27.4–39.5] | <0.001 |
| Survival time, day | 602 [480–1269] | 1430 [1130–1743] | <0.001 |
| Death during observation period, n (%) | 23 (69.7%) | 36 (41.9%) | |
| Relative decline in ESMCSA, % | 15.7 [13.9–21.8] | 3.0 [−2.2–6.9] | <0.001 |
| Relative decline in %FVC, % | 4.0 [−1.5–12.8] | 0.3 [−3.5–4.1] | 0.003 |
| Relative decline in %DLCO, % | 6.4 [2.1–14.5] | 1.4 [−4.2–7.8] | 0.004 |
| Relative decline in body mass index, % | 3.2 [−1.0–10.5] | −0.1 [−3.3–2.2] | <0.001 |
| Corticosteroid treatment, n (%) | 5 (15.2%) | 6 (7.0%) | |
| Pirfenidone treatment, n (%) | 12 (35.3%) | 16 (18.6%) | |
| Hospitalisation during 6 months, n (%) | 4 (12.1%) | 3 (3.5%) | |
| Acute exacerbations, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (3.5%) | |
| Infections, n (%) | 2 (6%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Worsening of IPF | 2 (6%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1.0 [1.0–1.0] | 1.0 [1.0–1.0] | |
| Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 2 (6%) | 2 (6%) | |
| Cancers, n (%) | 1 (3%) | 2 (6%) |
Data are presented as median [interquartile range] or n (%). Abbreviations: ESMCSA, cross-sectional area of elector spine muscles; FVC, forced vital capacity: FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1.0 second; DLCO, diffuse capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; 6MWT; 6-minute walk test, SpO2; percutaneous oxygen saturation, IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. *We analysed using n = 114, because 5 cases were missing.