Table 2.
Demographics of SCI subgroups included in the study.
| References |
SCI subjects |
n |
Age (years) |
Sex (m/f) |
LOI |
AIS (A–E) |
TSI (d, wks, mths, yrs) |
Averaged pain intensity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chen et al. (53) | SCI-NP | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SCI-no NP | 13 | 51.3 ± 6.4 | 10/3 | C3–C8 | 2B, 2C, 9D | 11.7 ± 15.3 d | 0 | |
| Chen et al. (54) | SCI-NP | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SCI-no NP | 11 | 50 ± 4.9 | 9/2 | C3–C8 | 1B, 2C, 8D | 10.0 ± 7.9 d | 0 | |
| Jutzeler et al. (55) | SCI-NP | 13 | 46.9 ± 11.4 | 11/2 | C2–L3 | 5A, 2B, 6D | 12.8 + 8.4 yrs | 4.0 ± 2.1 |
| SCI-no NP | 15 | 45.9 ± 12.8 | 15/0 | C4–T12 | 6A, 3B, 2C, 4D | 12.2 ± 7.7 yrs | 0 | |
| Mole et al. (56) | SCI-NP | 18 | 51.3 ± 7.9 | n/a | C5–T5 | n/a | 11.1 ± 8.5 yrs | 6.0 ± 1.6 |
| SCI-no NP | 12 | 54.3 + 16.9 | n/a | C5-T5 | n/a †A-D |
17.7 ± 11.4 yrs | 0 | |
| Yoon et al. (57) | SCI-NP | 10 | 39.8 ± 6.1 | 7/3 | C4–T11 | 7A, 3B | 18.4 ± 6.1 mths | 7.6 ± 0.5 |
| SCI-no NP | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Gustin et al. (58) | SCI-NP | 12 | 48.0 ± 4.0* | n/a | C8–T10 | 12A | 16.0 ± 5 yrs* | 4.3 ± 0.4 |
| SCI-no NP | 11 | 38.0 ± 3.0* | n/a †19/4 |
T3–T10 | 11A | 13 ± 2 yrs* | 0 | |
| Min et al. (59)§ | SCI-NP§ | 18 | 57.7 ± 11.9 | 12/6 | C2–C7 | 5C, 13D | 49.8 ± 33.7 wks | 46.6 ± 23.3 |
| SCI-no NP | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Widerström-Noga et al. (60) | SCI-NP | |||||||
| SCI-HNP | 19 | 43.0 ± 12.5 | 16/3 | n/a | 6A, 13B–D** | 12.0 ± 9.7 yrs | 6.4 ± 1.6 | |
| SCI-LNP | 35 | 35.7 ± 12.4 | 28/7 | n/a | 24A, 11B–D** | 13.1 ± 9.7 yrs | 1.6 ± 1.5 | |
| SCI-no NP | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Gustin et al. (61) | SCI-NP | 12 | 57.0 ± 4.0* | 8/4 | T3–T12 | 12A | n/a | 3.6 ± 0.8 |
| SCI-no NP | 10 | 50.0 ± 4.0* | 8/2 | T3–T10 | 10A | n/a | 0 | |
| Widerström-Noga et al. (62) | SCI-NP | |||||||
| SCI-HNP | 19 | 40.4 ± 11.8 | 14/5 | C–S5** | 9A, 10B–D** | 12.0 ± 9.9 yrs | ~4.1 ± 0.8 | |
| SCI-LNP | 31 | 37.5 ± 13.4 | 26/5 | C–S5** | 17A, 14B–D** | 10.6 ± 9.1 yrs | ~3.1 ± 1.0 | |
| SCI-no NP | 18 | 36.8 ± 11.0 | 14/4 | C-S5** | 14A, 3B–D**, 1 n/a | 16.2 ± 9.5 yrs | – | |
| Stanwell et al. (63) | SCI-NP | 5 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 5A | 63.6 ± 49.6 mths | n/a |
| SCI-no NP | 5 | n/a †36.4 ± 10.4 |
n/a | n/a †T |
5A | 58.2 ± 59.7 mths | n/a | |
| Pattany et al. (64) | SCI-NP | 7 | 46.2 ± 16.2 | 7/0 | C8–L3 | n/a | 7.6 ± 6.3 yrs | 5 <** |
| SCI-no NP | 9 | 34.8 ± 10.0 | 9/0 | C4–L3 | n/a | 11.3 ± 9.6 yrs | 0 | |
Summary of demographics for SCI subgroups as described in each study. Study order is based on neuroimaging modality as reported in Table 1, starting with structural, DTI, rsfMRI, then MRS. Averaged pain intensity: ranges from 0 to 10 or 0 to 100 are commonly used to depict “no pain” to “worst pain imaginable” on a numerical rating scale and visual analog scale, respectively.
AIS, ASIA Impairment Scale (A, sensorimotor complete; B, motor complete, sensory incomplete; C and D, sensory motor incomplete; E, normal); C, cervical level; d, days; f, female; L, lumbar level; LOI, level of injury; m, male; mths, months; n/a, not available; NP, neuropathic pain; S, sacral level; SCI, spinal cord injury; SCI-HNP, SCI subjects with high NP; SCI-LNP, SCI subjects with low NP; SCI-NP, SCI subjects with NP; SCI-no NP, SCI subjects without NP; T, thoracic level; TSI, time since injury; wks, weeks; yrs, years.
Traumatic SCI.
Standard error of mean.
Unspecified information.
~Multidimensional pain inventory—SCI version subscale: pain severity.
Study did not identify whether pain was nociceptive or neuropathic.
Mean and standard deviation of whole SCI cohort.