Table 3.
Multivariable logistic regression models predicting identity theft victimization.
| Independent Variables | Existing Credit or Bank Account (n = 116,042)a |
New Accounts (n = 128,419) |
Instrumental (n = 128,419) |
|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Risk Factors | |||
| Online purchasing behavior frequency (ref. None) | |||
| Up to once per month (1–12 times/year) | 2.45 (2.28–2.63)*** | 1.71 (1.35–2.17)*** | 1.35 (1.02–1.78) |
| Up to once per week (13–52 times/year) | 3.54 (3.27–3.83)*** | 1.78 (1.33–2.38)*** | 1.12 (0.77–1.64) |
| Up to once per day (58–365 times/year) | 4.44 (4.02–4.90)*** | 1.89 (1.25–2.85) | 2.01 (1.28–3.16) |
| More than once per day (More than 365 times/year) | 5.74 (4.31–7.64)*** | 4.52 (1.79–11.46) | 4.03 (1.39–11.70) |
| Number of other victimizations (cont.) | 1.29 (1.23–1.35)*** | 1.46 (1.32–1.62)*** | 1.41 (1.24–1.60)*** |
| Breached personal information (ref. No) | |||
| Yes (SSN not exposed) | 1.44 (1.33–1.56)*** | 1.96 (1.44–2.66)*** | 2.16 (1.47–3.19)*** |
| Yes (SSN exposed) | 1.46 (1.26–1.68)*** | 3.83 (2.67–5.51)*** | 8.05 (5.66–11.46)*** |
| Identity theft victimization prior to past year (ref. No) Yes |
1.28 (1.19–1.37)*** |
1.43 (1.11–1.85) |
1.43 (1.05–1.95) |
| Protective Factors | |||
| Purchase protective services (cont.) | 1.02 (0.95–1.09) | 1.62 (1.28–2.06)*** | 1.37 (0.99–1.87) |
| Routine protective behaviors (cont.) | 0.76 (0.75–0.78)*** | 0.66 (0.61–0.71)*** | 0.71 (0.65–0.78)*** |
| Controls | |||
| Age generations (ref. millennials) | |||
| Generation X | 1.21 (1.12–1.29)*** | 1.28 (1.00–1.65) | 1.68 (1.26–2.24)*** |
| Baby boomers | 1.38 (1.29–1.48)*** | 1.70 (1.32–2.20)*** | 1.79 (1.32–2.42)*** |
| Silent or Greatest | 1.10 (0.99–1.21) | 1.23 (0.86–1.78) | 1.12 (0.72–1.75) |
| Gender (ref. Male) Female |
0.99 (0.94–1.04) |
0.95 (0.79–1.13) |
1.14 (0.92–1.42) |
| Marital Status (ref. Married/partnered) Not married/partnered |
0.95 (0.90–1.01) |
1.23 (1.00–1.51) |
1.63 (1.28–2.09)*** |
| Educational attainment (ref. High school or less) | |||
| Some college or associate degree | 1.42 (1.33–1.52)*** | 1.70 (1.35–2.14)*** | 1.43 (1.11–1.86) |
| Bachelor’s degree | 1.67 (1.56–1.80)*** | 1.66 (1.25–2.20)*** | 1.18 (0.84–1.66) |
| Graduate/professional degree | 1.90 (1.74–2.07)*** | 1.85 (1.31–2.61) | 0.95 (0.59–1.50) |
| Race/ethnicity (ref. non-Hispanic white) | |||
| Hispanic | 0.85 (0.78–0.93)*** | 1.32 (1.00–1.73) | 0.93 (0.66–1.32) |
| Blackb | 0.78 (0.71–0.86)*** | 1.43 (1.11–1.86) | 1.58 (1.20–2.09) |
| AAPI/AIANb | 0.78 (0.70–0.87)*** | 0.73 (0.46–1.16) | 0.69 (0.39–1.22) |
| Otherb | 1.09 (0.89–1.32) | 3.32 (2.17–5.09)*** | 1.18 (056–2.50) |
| Household income (ref. $0 to 24,999) | |||
| $25,000 to 49,999 | 1.05 (0.95–1.15) | 0.77 (0.60–1.00) | 0.90 (0.67–1.21) |
| $50,000 to 74,999 | 1.20 (1.08–1.33) | 0.73 (0.54–0.99) | 0.80 (0.56–1.13) |
| $75,000+ | 1.38 (1.25–1.52)*** | 0.71 (0.52–0.97) | 0.74 (0.52–1.05) |
| Number of household members ≤ 12 years (cont.) | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 1.20 (1.08–1.33) | 1.21 (1.07–1.36) |
| Residential setting (ref. urban) Rural |
0.90 (0.84–0.96) |
0.80 (0.61–1.05) |
0.65 (0.46–0.91) |
| Interview type (ref. In-person) Telephone |
0.91 (0.87–0.96)*** |
0.85 (0.71–1.02) |
0.74 (0.60–0.92) |
Note: All multivariable logistic regression models, except the New Accounts model, satisfied the Omnibus Test of Model Coefficients (p < 0.01). All multivariable logistic regression models satisfied the Hosmer-Lemeshow Test (p > 0.05). Across models, independent variables had tolerance of 0.70 or above and variance inflation factor of 1.43 or below, indicating no concern of multicollinearity.
CI = Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio; SSN: Social Security Number; AAPI/AIAN = Asian American/Pacific Islander/American Indian/Alaskan Native. ***p < 0.001, (two-tailed tests).
Analysis of the existing credit or bank account subtype only includes NCVS-ITS respondents who reported having a credit card or bank account, respectively.
Excludes persons of Hispanic or Latino origin.