The appearance changes, surface morphologies and EDS results of residual materials after 3 months of implantation. Surface corrosion became increasingly obvious with the extension of implantation time (A). Surface cracks in the JDBM alloy were deeper than those in the JDBM coating alloy (B and C, respectively). The corrosion products on the surface of the JDBM alloy included O, C, Ca, Mg and Si, and those on the surface of the JDBM coating alloy included O, C, Ca, Mg, Si and P (D).