Table 1.

Overview of environmental sampling in Houston Ship Channel neighborhoods, 2015–2019.

Location	Sample Date	Sample Type	Summary of Findings
Manchester	Dec. 2016	Indoor Settled Dust (N = 25)	The total concentration of PAHs in each sample of household dust ranged from 0.9 to 11.1 mg/m2 with a respective mean and median of 2.3 and 1.6 mg/m2. In addition, markers of petroleum (e.g., C29 Hopane, C30 Hopane, and 18a Oleanane) were present in all household dust samples.
Manchester	March 2017	Indoor Air (N = 11)	Multiple compounds present in samples that are regulated as hazardous air pollutants by US EPA. These included Acetone, Benzene, Trichloroethene, Pentanal, Toluene, Tetrachloroethene, Acetic Acid Butyl Ester, Hexanal, Ethylbenzene, m-Xylene, o-Xylene, Styrene, Benzene, Propyl-, Benzene 1 ethyl 3 methyl, Benzene 1 ethyl 2 methyl, 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene, Benzene, 1,2,4-trimethyl-, Benzaldehyde, Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methyl ethyl), Benzene, 1,4-dichloro, Phenol, Hexachlorobutadiene, and Naphthalene. Pentanal, Acetic Acid Butyl Ester, Hexanal, Benzene 1 ethyl 3 methyl, Benzene 1 ethyl 2 methyl, Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methyl ethyl), and Phenol.
Manchester	Sept. 2017	Outdoor Yard Soils (N = 24)	The concentration of total PAHs in each soil sample ranged from 54.7 to 4378.3 μg/kg
Manchester	November 2016	Pooled Surface Water	Arsenic was detected in eight samples at a mean concentration of 54 μg/L (range: 10–180 μg/L), chromium was detected in 10 samples at a mean concentration of 65 μg/L (range: 11–363 μg/L), and lead was detected in 12 samples at a mean concentration of 195 μg/L (range: 17–1448 μg/L). Mercury was detected at a level of 10 μg/L in two samples, while barium was detected in all 30 samples at an average level of 306 μg/L (range: 46–3296 μg/L).
Manchester	Feb. 2019	Tap Water (N = 13)	Of these, 30.8% were found to be positive for lead at levels ranging from 0.6 to 2.4 µg/L. Although the US EPA has established a maximum contaminant level goal of zero for lead in drinking water [48], all samples tested were found to be below the regulatory lead action level of 15 µg/L.
Houston Ship Channel Area	March 2019	Outdoor Air (N = 30)	Concentrations of TVOC ranged from below the limit of detection of 0.001 ppm to 3.3 ppm, and the maximum level of benzene detected was 0.1 ppm.