| DP | degree of polymerization |
| Neu5Ac | N-acetylneuraminic acid |
| Neu5Gc | N-glycolylneuraminic |
| oligoSia | oligosialic acid |
| polySia or PSA | polysialic acid |
| PDB | Protein Data Bank |
| PSGP | salmonid egg polysialoglycoprotein |
| ST8Sia | α2,8-sialyltransferase |
| WGD | whole genome duplication |
| KDN | 2-keto-3-deoxynononic acid |
| MSA | multiple sequence alignment |