Figure 2.

Involvement of protein phosphatases in the repair of a DNA lesion. Schematic representation showing the repair of a double-strand break (DSB) by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). Key factors involved in the execution of each repair pathway are shown. PP2A and PP1 stimulate NHEJ by dephosphorylating and activating DNA-protein kinase (PK). The dephosphorylation of MRE11–RAD50–NBS1 (MRN), γ-H2AX, CtIP and RPA by PP2A and PP4 is required for the processing and repair of the DNA lesion by HR. PP4 participates in HR by facilitating DNA2 accessibility to the DSB vicinity, thus enhancing DNA end resection. CDC14 promotes both recombinational DNA repair and resolution of recombinant intermediates. Green and red represent active or inactive, respectively.