Table 1.
General characteristics of families and children (937) comparing villagers of fishing community (Itapuã) with tin miners (Bom Futuro).
| Communities | Itapuã Mean (SD) |
Bom Futuro Mean (SD) |
p-Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| Family | |||
| Fish meal (week) | 2.9 (2.3) | 2.3 (1.4) | 0.0000 |
| Family members | 5.8 (2.2) | 5.11 (1.87) | 0.0005 |
| Family income (US dollar) | 240.5 (211.2) | 214.8 (134.2) | 0.8225 |
| Breastfeeding (months) | 11.9 (8.9) | 8.2 (7.7) | 0.0000 |
| Maternal education (years) | 6.5 (3.5) | 5.8 (2.7) | 0.0714 |
| Children (n) | 249 | 688 | |
| Birth | |||
| Weight (kg) | 3.24 (0.43) | 3.25 (0.43) | 0.2518 |
| Length (cm) | 50.5 (2.4) | 50.9 (2.4) | 0.0409 |
| Age at visit (months) | 26.1 (15.7) | 19.8 (14.5) | 0.0000 |
| Weight (kg) | 11.9 (3.6) | 10.5 (3.3) | 0.0000 |
| Height (cm) | 84.4 (14.6) | 80.2 (14.3) | 0.0000 |
| W/H Z-scores | 0.21 (1.3) | −0.04 (1.1) | 0.0011 |
| H/A Z-scores | −0.49 (1.4) | 0.34 (0.73) | 0.0000 |
| W/A Z-scores | −0.12 (1.0) | 0.02 (0.74) | 0.3592 |
| Intestinal parasites 1 | 2.81 (1.29) | 2.90 (1.37) | 0.4703 |
| Hb (g/100 mL) 2 | 11.24 (0.8) | 11.56 (0.8) | 0.0000 |
| Infant’s hair Hg (µg/g) | 4.3 (1.7) | 2.3 (1.2) | 0.0000 |
W/H: Weight-for height; H/A: Height-for-age; W/A: Weight-for-age; Hb: Hemoglobin. 1 Testing positive for different species of intestinal parasites. 2 Due to sampling and/or analytical limitations these values represent different numbers of children, respectively (221) and (535). In order to compare and analyze statistically the villages, data were adapted from Marques et al. [17] and [18] respectively for Itapuã and Bom Futuro.