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. 2020 Jan 20;17(2):663. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020663

Table 6.

Hypotheses results.

Hypothesis Results
H1a: There is a positive relationship between ICs and CSR.
HCE and CSR, SCE and CSR Reject
CEE and CSR Accept
H1b: There is a positive relationship between ICs and ENV.
HCE and ENV, SCE and ENV Reject
CEE and ENV Accept
H1c: There is a positive relationship between ICs and SOC.
HCE and SOC, SCE and SOC Reject
CEE and SOC Accept
H1d: There is a positive relationship between ICs and GOV.
HCE and GOV, SCE and GOV, CEE and GOV Reject
H2: There is a positive relationship between ICs and financial performance.
HCE and ROA, SCE and ROA Reject
CEE and ROA Accept
HCE and Tobin’s Q, SCE and Tobin’s Q Reject
CEE and Tobin’s Q Accept
H3a: The higher the financial performance, the higher will be the CSR ratings. Reject
H3b: The higher the financial performance, the higher will be the ENV ratings. Reject
H3c: The higher the financial performance, the higher will be the SOC ratings.
ROA and SOC Accept
Tobin’s Q and SOC Reject
H3d: The higher the financial performance, the higher will be the GOV ratings. Reject
H4a: Financial performance mediates the relationship between ICs and CSR.
ROA mediation, HCE and CSR, SCE and CSR, CEE and CSR Reject
Tobin’s Q mediation, HCE and CSR, SCE and CSR Reject
CEE and CSR Partially
H4b: Financial performance mediates the relationship between ICs and ENV.
ROA mediation, HCE and ENV, SCE and ENV, CEE and ENV Reject
Tobin’s Q mediation, HCE and ENV, SCE and ENV Reject
CEE and ENV Partially
H4c: Financial performance mediates the relationship between ICs and SOC.
ROA mediation, HCE and SOC, SCE and SOC, CEE and SOC Reject
Tobin’s Q mediation, HCE and SOC, SCE and SOC, CEE and SOC Partially
H4d: Financial performance mediates the relationship between ICs and GOV.
ROA mediation, HCE and GOV, SCE and GOV Reject
CEE and GOV Partially
Tobin’s Q mediation, HCE and GOV, SCE and GOV Reject
CEE and GOV Partially