H1a: There is a positive relationship between ICs and CSR. |
|
HCE and CSR, SCE and CSR |
Reject |
CEE and CSR |
Accept |
H1b: There is a positive relationship between ICs and ENV. |
|
HCE and ENV, SCE and ENV |
Reject |
CEE and ENV |
Accept |
H1c: There is a positive relationship between ICs and SOC. |
|
HCE and SOC, SCE and SOC |
Reject |
CEE and SOC |
Accept |
H1d: There is a positive relationship between ICs and GOV. |
|
HCE and GOV, SCE and GOV, CEE and GOV |
Reject |
H2: There is a positive relationship between ICs and financial performance. |
|
HCE and ROA, SCE and ROA |
Reject |
CEE and ROA |
Accept |
HCE and Tobin’s Q, SCE and Tobin’s Q |
Reject |
CEE and Tobin’s Q |
Accept |
H3a: The higher the financial performance, the higher will be the CSR ratings. |
Reject |
H3b: The higher the financial performance, the higher will be the ENV ratings. |
Reject |
H3c: The higher the financial performance, the higher will be the SOC ratings. |
|
ROA and SOC |
Accept |
Tobin’s Q and SOC |
Reject |
H3d: The higher the financial performance, the higher will be the GOV ratings. |
Reject |
H4a: Financial performance mediates the relationship between ICs and CSR. |
|
ROA mediation, HCE and CSR, SCE and CSR, CEE and CSR |
Reject |
Tobin’s Q mediation, HCE and CSR, SCE and CSR |
Reject |
CEE and CSR |
Partially |
H4b: Financial performance mediates the relationship between ICs and ENV. |
|
ROA mediation, HCE and ENV, SCE and ENV, CEE and ENV |
Reject |
Tobin’s Q mediation, HCE and ENV, SCE and ENV |
Reject |
CEE and ENV |
Partially |
H4c: Financial performance mediates the relationship between ICs and SOC. |
|
ROA mediation, HCE and SOC, SCE and SOC, CEE and SOC |
Reject |
Tobin’s Q mediation, HCE and SOC, SCE and SOC, CEE and SOC |
Partially |
H4d: Financial performance mediates the relationship between ICs and GOV. |
|
ROA mediation, HCE and GOV, SCE and GOV |
Reject |
CEE and GOV |
Partially |
Tobin’s Q mediation, HCE and GOV, SCE and GOV |
Reject |
CEE and GOV |
Partially |