Table 1.
Summary of the key differences between Crowd of Oz (CoZ) and other crowd-powered conversational agents.
| Reference | Use Case | Input | Output | Device |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chorus [41] | Information retrieval | User queries in natural language | Text message | Mobile phones or PC |
| Evorus [42] | Information retrieval | User queries in natural language | Text message | Mobile phones or PC |
| VizWiz [40] | Assisting blind users to interact with devices | Video stream and recorded audio question + text | Audio through voice-over screen reader | Mobile phones |
| Chorus:view [43] | Assisting blind users to interact with devices | Video stream and recorded audio question + text | Audio through voice-over screen reader | Mobile phones |
| CrowdBoard [45] | Creativity | Write ideas on sticky notes | Textual ideas from crowd workers | Digital whiteboard |
| InstructableCrowd [44] | Programming | User’s problem in natural language | IF-THEN rules | Mobile phones |
| CoZ | Live conversational task for stress management | Real time audio and video feed + transcribed text messages | Animated Speech by Pepper robot and text message displayed on the Pepper robot’s Tablet | Pepper or NAO robot |