Table 2.
Summary of the key differences between CoZ and other systems from crowd or web robotics.
| Reference | Use Case | Input | Output | Robot |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Legion [20] | Robot navigation | Video stream of rovio robot + arrow key presses | Robot movement | Rovio robot |
| CrowdDrone [46] | Drone navigation | Simulated or real imagery from drone’s camera + arrow key presses | Robot movement | Drone robot |
| EURECA [21] | Scene manipulation | Natural language query + scene manipulation (zoom, pan, orbit) + selection tools | Segmented and labelled objects | Fetch robot |
| Robot Management System (RMS) [47] | Robot navigation + manipulation | Arrow keys for changing direction + camera feeds + 2D map + slider control to alter speed + arm controls | Robot movement and object retrieval | PR2 robot |
| Learning from demonstration [48] | Robot learning | Web interface for controlling a robot | Robot movement | iRobot |
| CoZ | Live conversational task for stress management | Real time audio and video feed + transcribed text messages | Animated speech by Pepper robot and text message displayed on the Pepper robot’s Tablet | Pepper or NAO robot |