Table E3.
HRs (99% CIs) for association between all variables included in regression models adjusting for potential mediators and any fracture
| HR∗ (99% CI) |
||
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted for IMD, calendar time, asthma, harmful alcohol use, smoking, and BMI | Additionally adjusted for high-dose oral glucocorticoid use | |
| Atopic eczema | ||
| Without atopic eczema | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| With atopic eczema | 1.08 (1.06-1.10) | 1.07 (1.05-1.09) |
| Calendar time | ||
| 1997-2001 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 2002-2006 | 0.96 (0.83-1.11) | 0.96 (0.83-1.11) |
| 2007-2011 | 0.97 (0.82-1.15) | 0.97 (0.82-1.14) |
| 2012-2016 | 0.98 (0.82-1.17) | 0.97 (0.81-1.16) |
| IMD | ||
| 1 (least deprived) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 2 | 1.05 (1.02-1.07) | 1.05 (1.02-1.07) |
| 3 | 1.08 (1.05-1.11) | 1.08 (1.05-1.11) |
| 4 | 1.13 (1.10-1.17) | 1.13 (1.10-1.16) |
| 5 (most deprived) | 1.19 (1.15-1.23) | 1.19 (1.15-1.23) |
| Asthma | ||
| No asthma | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Asthma | 1.25 (1.23-1.28) | 1.18 (1.15-1.20) |
| Harmful alcohol use | ||
| None documented | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Harmful use | 1.96 (1.88-2.06) | 1.96 (1.87-2.05) |
| Smoking | ||
| Never-smoker | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Current or former | 1.18 (1.16-1.20) | 1.17 (1.15-1.19) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 1.14 (1.10-1.17) | 1.14 (1.10-1.17) |
| Normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m2) | 0.92 (0.91-0.94) | 0.92 (0.91-0.94) |
| Obese (≥30.0 kg/m2) | 0.86 (0.85-0.88) | 0.86 (0.84-0.88) |
| High-dose oral glucocorticoid use | ||
| <20 mg PED/day | NA | 1.0 (reference) |
| ≥20 mg PED/day | NA | 1.20 (1.17-1.23) |
NA, Not available; PED, prednisolone equivalent dose.
Estimated HRs from Cox regression with current age as the underlying timescale stratified by matched set (matched on age at cohort entry, sex, general practice, and date at cohort entry). All models fitted to individuals with complete data for all variables included in each model and from valid matched sets, including 1 individual with atopic eczema and at least 1 individual without atopic eczema. Adjustments were made for calendar time, IMD, asthma, harmful alcohol use, smoking and BMI, and implicitly adjusted for sex, date at cohort entry, and practice (because of stratification by matched set) and age (because of underlying timescale).