Table 1.

Characteristics of studies included in review, 2014-2019

Author, year	Country	Study population	Study design	Study period	Sample size	Pathogen type
Arcilla 2017	Netherlands	Travellers	Prospective cohort study	2012 Nov - 2013 Nov	1847	ESBL-PE, CPE
Angelin 2015	Sweden	Travellers	Prospective study	2010 Apr - 2014 Jan	99	E. coli
Caudell 2018*	Tanzania	General adult	Prospective study	2012 Mar - 2015 Jul	226*	E. coli
Dohmen 2017	Netherlands	Employees in a pig slaughterhouse	Prospective study	2015 Jun	334	E. coli
Dohmen 2017*	Netherlands	Pig farmers, family members and employees	Longitudinal study	2011 Mar - 2011 Oct	146	ESBL-PE
Lubbert 2015	Germany	Travellers	Prospective cohort study	2013 May - 2014 Apr	191	ESBL-PE
McNulty 2018	England	General adult	Retrospective cohort study	2013 - 2014	2430	ESBL-PE
Miranda 2016	Germany	Travellers	Retrospective study	2013 Feb - 2014 Apr	211	ESBL-PE
Mo 2019	Singapore	General adult	Cross sectional study	2016 Jun - 2017 Apr	305	ESBL-PE
Reuland 2016	Netherlands	General adult	Case control study	2011 Jun - 2011 Nov	1695	ESBL-PE
Reuland 2015	Netherlands	General adult	Case control study	2011 Aug - 2011 Dec	550	pAmpC producing E. coli
Ruh 2019	Northern Cyprus	General adult	Retrospective cohort study	2017 Sep - 2017 Dec	500	Enterobacteriaceae
Sanneh 2018*	Gambia	Food handlers	Cross sectional study	2015 Jul - 2015 Sep	565	Enterobacteriaceae
Vading 2016	Sweden	Travellers	Prospective cohort study	2013 Apr - 2015 May	175	ESBL E. coli
Wielders 2017	Netherlands	General adult	Cross sectional study	2012 Nov	2432	ESBL-PE

Note: ** not included in meta-analysis. *indicates sample size was households (all others are individuals). ESBL-PE = Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae; CPE = Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae