Table 4:
Expected Average Marginal Effects of Economic Shocks on Mental Health Spending in Two-Parent Families.
| All Services | Prescription Medication | Ambulatory | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Probability of any spending |
Expected spending |
Probability of any spending |
Expected spending |
Probability of any spending |
Expected spending |
|
| Income loss | ||||||
| …low income family becomes poor or near poor family | .0094 (.0163) |
45.67 (154.38) |
.0144 (.0152) |
42.74 (33.52) |
.0219 (.0199) |
78.43 (72.41) |
| …middle income family becomes low income family | .0097 (.0161) |
−199.11* (102.12) |
.0079 (.0164) |
−7.41 (30.53) |
−0133 (.0197) |
43.60 (99.08) |
| … high income family becomes middle income | −.0050 (.0154) |
166.69 (102.49) |
−.0010 (.0137) |
−50.50 (42.91) |
.0122 (.0145) |
16.10 (61.13) |
| Gaining employment… | ||||||
| …after a not being employed for over a year | −.0467*** (.0159) |
−171.75** (80.81) |
−0479*** (.0128) |
−23.84 (31.80) |
−0237 (.0166) |
−52.34 (41.81) |
| … in year 1 and continuing to be employed for over the entire two year period |
.0093 (.0292) |
−9.57 (168.22) |
−.0083 (.0277) |
−59.57 (43.64) |
−.0097 (.0308) |
−20.89 (131.49) |
| Losing employment… | ||||||
| … after being employed for over a year | .0409 (.0296) |
−28.32 (186.93) |
.0465 (.0291) |
37.50 (50.58) |
.0483* (.0292) |
174.90 (113.97) |
| … after a recent employment gain |
.0502** (.0197) |
−37.89 (116.42) |
.0383** (.0169) |
−22.07 (48.66) |
.0386 (.0256) |
154.01** (71.67) |
| … and continuing being not employed for over a year | −0035 (.0164) |
209.64** (98.34) |
.0096 (.0145) |
45.91 (42.65) |
−.0149 (.0217) |
−101.67* (57.11) |
| Everyone in the family becomes insured | .0185 (.0202) |
129.55 (122.94) |
.0133 (.0141) |
−0.56 (33.89) |
.0133 (.0191) |
104.84 (98.78) |
| Sample size | 5,194 | 5,194 | 5,194 | 5,194 | 5,194 | 5,194 |
Note:
a) Significant at 10% level;
Significant at 5% level;
Significant at 1%;
Full model estimation results are available upon request;
Standard errors in parentheses
Other regressors include maternal race and ethnicity (Black non-Hispanic, white non-Hispanic (reference category), other race non-Hispanic, Hispanic), maternal educational attainment (less than high school, high school diploma or GED (reference category), some college, and college degree), mother’s age at the year one of the panel, age of the youngest child at the first year of the panel, number of children in the family, region of residence (Midwest, Northeast, West, South (reference category). Regressions also include year dummies and within family time averages of income, employment, and health insurance variables for the Mundlak CRE estimation procedure. All models apply MEPS family weights and adjust standard errors for the clustered sampling design of the MEPS.