Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic | Total (n=74) | Sodium Bicarbonate (n=35) | Placebo (n=39) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, yr | 72 (8) | 70 (8) | 73 (8) |
| Male, n (%) | 72 (97) | 34 (97) | 38 (97) |
| Non-Hispanic white, n (%) | 68 (92) | 32 (91) | 36 (92) |
| Comorbidities | |||
| eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 51 (18) | 50 (20) | 52 (16) |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 128 (12) | 129 (12) | 127 (11) |
| Use of ACE-i/ARB, n (%) | 62 (84) | 28 (80) | 34 (87) |
| Weight, kg | 101 (20) | 100 (18) | 101 (22) |
| Lean body wt, kg | 68 (9) | 67 (8) | 68 (9) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 33 (6) | 33 (6) | 33 (6) |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 15 (20) | 6 (17) | 9 (23) |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 5 (7) | 1 (3) | 4 (10) |
| Laboratory data | |||
| Serum total CO2, meq/L | 24 (2) | 24 (3) | 24 (2) |
| Serum K+, meq/L | 4.2 (0.4) | 4.2 (0.4) | 4.3 (0.4) |
| Hemoglobin A1C, % | 7.5 (1.1) | 7.5 (1.0) | 7.6 (1.3) |
| Urinary albumin-to-Cr, mg/ga | 121 (58–370) | 121 (84–412) | 131 (46–324) |
| Urinary pH | 5.5 (0.4) | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.4 (0.4) |
| Urinary NH4+, meq/d | 34 (20) | 36 (18) | 33 (21) |
| Urinary titratable acid, meq/d | 32 (15) | 32 (14) | 31 (16) |
| Urinary TGF-β1-to-Cr, ng/ga | 112 (74–157) | 122 (79–186) | 103 (68–147) |
| Urinary KIM-1-to-Cr, ng/mga | 0.89 (0.58–1.87) | 0.91 (0.57–1.87) | 0.88 (0.59–1.89) |
| Urinary fibronectin-to-Cr, ng/mg | 102 (74–173) | 107 (75–194) | 97 (65–147) |
| Urinary NGAL-to-Cr, ng/mga | 11.1 (6.5–23.8) | 10.5 (7.0–23.6) | 11.9 (6.3–24.0) |
Continuous variables shown as mean (SD). ACE-i, angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; Cr, creatinine; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule-1; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.
a
Shown as median (interquartile range).