Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of cohorts with and without ECMO use in acute myocardial infarction

Characteristic		ECMO (N = 2,962)	No ECMO (N = 9,744,072)	P
Age (years)		59.0 ± 10.9	67.7 ± 14.3	<0.001
Female sex		26.1	40.1	<0.001
Race	White	70.6	78.0	<0.001
	Black	8.8	9.2
	Other	20.6	12.8
Primary payer	Medicare	33.4	57.8	<0.001
	Medicaid	10.6	5.6
	Private	45.2	28.3
	Uninsured	6.9	5.2
	No charge	1.6	0.5
Quartile of median household income for zip code	0–25th	23.9	23.1	0.24
	26th–50th	28.3	27.2
	51st–75th	23.6	24.7
	75th–100th	24.1	25.0
Charlson Comorbidity Index	0–3	43.1	35.9	<0.001
	4–6	46.8	46.3
	≥ 7	10.2	17.8
AMI type	ST-segment elevation	67.3	39.0	<0.001
	Non-ST-segment elevation	32.7	61.0
Acute organ failure	Respiratory	56.5	7.6	<0.001
	Renal	62.1	1.0	<0.001
	Hepatic	30.2	0.8	<0.001
	Neurologic	27.3	2.8	<0.001
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest		47.5	4.5	<0.001
Cardiogenic shock		80.6	4.5	<0.001
Coronary angiography		50.9	62.0	<0.001
Percutaneous coronary intervention		39.3	40.2	0.31
Invasive hemodynamic monitoring		22.2	4.9	<0.001
Coronary artery bypass grafting		37.1	9.3	<0.001

Represented as percentage or mean ± standard deviation

Abbreviations: ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation