Table 4.

Summary of the ideal features of treatment optimization studies according to the experts interviewed.

Feature	Findings from interviews
Conduct	Consortia comprised of all relevant stakeholders OR Academia and not-for-profit organizations, with support from industry (drug supply)
Funding	Combinations of public and private funding
Timing	No clear consensus whether pre- or post-approval
Design	Fewer inclusion and exclusion criteria Standard of care or best available treatment as comparators Patient-relevant outcome measures No clear consensus on blinding No clear consensus on randomization Publication of all results
Setting	No particular preference, decided on case-by-case basis OR National, with international coordination and oversight