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. 2020 Jan 10;45(3):873–885. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4463

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Copyright: © Wen et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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PQQ acts against Iso-induced hypertrophy in AC16 cells or in H9c2 cells. (A) After being treated with various concentrations of PQQ or 20 µM Iso (the groups were set as described in the 'Materials and methods', and the change in the size of AC16 cells was photographed. The morphology of the AC16 cells was evaluated with the Actin-Tracker Green kit. (B) The area of AC16 cells was quantitated by ImageJ software. The control group was set at 100, and the other groups represent a percentage of the control. (C) Following treatment with various concentrations of PQQ or 20 µM Iso (groups were set as described in the 'Materials and methods'), the rat H9c2 cell size changed and was photographed. The morphology of the rat H9c2 cells was examined by the Actin-Tracker Green kit. (D) The rat H9c2 cells area were quantified by ImageJ software and the control group was set at 100, the other groups are presented as a percentage of the control. ^#P<0.05 vs. the control group, ^*P<0.05 vs. the Iso group. PQQ, pyrroloquinoline quinone; Iso, isoproterenol hydrochloride.