Table 2. Results from the stepwise regression analysis.
For detailed explanation cfr. Matlab documentation for function ‘fitlm’. We considered the following dependent variables. SPECW: specificity of reconstruction (VAFPOST−VAFTD) relative to the weight optimization method, (% VAF). GOODW: goodness of reconstruction (VAFPRE−VAFPOST) relative to the weight optimization method, (% VAF). SPECH: specificity of reconstruction relative to the activation optimization method, (% VAF). GOODH: goodness of reconstruction relative to the activation optimization method, (% VAF). dW: change in muscle synergies vectors of weights after the treatment, (correlation coefficient between pre- and post-treatment synergy weights). dH: change in muscle synergies activation profiles after the treatment, (RMSE between pre- and post-treatment synergy activations). GPSdiff: change in Gait Profile Score after the treatment, (degrees). The independent variables are the following. tr: Treatment administered to the patient, (BOTOX/SEMLS). dT: time between pre- and post-treatment gait analysis, (days). Age: age of the patient at the time of surgery, (years). IMPW: impairment of the patient measured in the pre-treatment condition. (VAFPRE−VAFTD) relative to the weight optimization method, (% VAF). IMPH: impairment of the patient measured in the pre-treatment condition relative to the activation optimization method, (% VAF). SPA: spasticity score measured in the pre-treatment clinical examination. STR: strength score measured in the pre-treatment clinical examination. SEL: selectivity score measured in the pre-treatment clinical examination. GPSpre: Gait Profile Score computed in the pre-treatment gait analysis, (degrees). BOTOX1-5: botulinum injection site. 1-rectus femoris, 2-biceps femoris, 3-medial hamstrings, 4-gastrocnemius, 5-soleus, (yes/no).
| model | p | R2 | adj R2 | coefficients | estimate | SE | tStat | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPECH = 1 + Age + IMPH + BOT1 | 6.5e-14 | 0.60 | 0.59 | Intercept | -11.12 | 2.87 | -3.88 | 2.4e-04 |
| Age | 0.64 | 0.22 | 2.94 | 4.5e-03 | ||||
| IMPH | 0.81 | 0.08 | 9.67 | 1.8e-14 | ||||
| BOT1 | 3.41 | 1.68 | 2.04 | 4.6e-02 | ||||
| GOODH = 1 + Age + STR | 5.4e-04 | 0.19 | 0.17 | Intercept | 25.44 | 4.77 | 5.33 | 1.1e-06 |
| Age | -0.60 | 0.22 | -2.66 | 9.7e-03 | ||||
| STR | -3.07 | 1.22 | -2.52 | 1.4e-02 | ||||
| SPECW = 1 + IMPW + BOT1 | 3.7e-08 | 0.39 | 0.37 | Intercept | -5.15 | 3.34 | -1.54 | 0.13 |
| IMPW | 0.81 | 0.14 | 5.91 | 1.1e-07 | ||||
| BOT1 | 4.46 | 1.50 | 2.98 | 4.0e-03 | ||||
| GOODW = 1 + BOT1 | 4.4e-03 | 0.11 | 0.10 | Intercept | 9.75 | 0.66 | 14.78 | 2.3e-23 |
| BOT1 | -4.44 | 1.51 | -2.94 | 4.4e-03 | ||||
| dW = 1 + IMPH + BOT1 | 1.8e-03 | 0.16 | 0.14 | Intercept | 0.89 | 5.1e-02 | 17.23 | 6.9e-27 |
| IMPH | -7.1e-03 | 2.4e-03 | -2.90 | 5.0e-03 | ||||
| BOT1 | -0.11 | 4.9e-02 | -2.15 | 3.5e-2 | ||||
| dH = 1 + IMPH + BOT1 | 4.4e-06 | 0.30 | 0.30 | Intercept | 0.13 | 1.7e-02 | 7.53 | 1.3e-10 |
| IMPH | 2.7e-03 | 8.1e-04 | 3.39 | 1.2e-3 | ||||
| BOT1 | 6.6e-02 | 1.6e-02 | 4.05 | 1.3e-4 | ||||
| GPSdiff = 1 + tr + Age + GPSpre | 4.2e-14 | 0.61 | 0.60 | Intercept | 2.44 | 1.55 | 1.56 | 0.12 |
| tr | 1.63 | 0.44 | 3.68 | 4.5e-04 | ||||
| Age | -0.16 | 7.1e-02 | -2.28 | 2.5e-3 | ||||
| GPSpre | -0.47 | 7.0e-02 | -6.75 | 4.0e-09 |