Table 4.

Summary of Outcomes of Adipokines After Cold Exposure in 12 BAT-Positive Participants

	Female Participants (n = 6)		Male Participants (n = 6)		Treatment Effects	Gender Effects	Treatment × Gender Interaction
	Baseline	120 min	Baseline	120 min		P values
FGF21(pg/mL)	122.0 ± 55.2	63.2 ± 24.7	54.9 ± 8.7	40.1 ± 8.4	0.04	0.29	0.20
Leptin (pg/mL)	7937 ± 2998	4926 ± 2176	3173 ± 1122	2172 ± 803	0.001	0.20	0.05
Adiponectin (ng/ mL)	8770 ± 1329	7299 ± 1231	7871 ± 378	7329 ± 509	<0.001	0.75	0.03
TNFα (pg/mL)	2.7 ± 0.4	2.6 ± 0.3	3.3 ± 0.2	3.4 ± 0.3	0.92	0.16	0.30

N = 12; Values are mean ± SEM; The treatment effects, gender effects and interactions between treatment and gender were tested using linear mixed effects model while controlling for the baseline measurements.

Abbreviations: BAT, brown adipose tissue; FGF21, fibroblast growth factor-21; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-α.