Table 2.
Sample characteristics for abrupt and gradual onset of symptom groups (n=468).
| Sample characteristics | Abrupt symptom onset (n=261; 55.77%) | Gradual symptom onset (n=207; 44.23%) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 61.03 (12.19) | 62.50 (11.67) | 0.18 |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.363 | ||
| White | 173 (66.80) | 147 (71.36) | |
| Black | 36 (13.90) | 19 (9.22) | |
| Hispanic | 23 (8.88) | 22 (10.68) | |
| Other | 27 (10.42) | 18 (8.74) | |
| Insurance | 0.572 | ||
| Private | 113 (44.14) | 79 (39.30) | |
| Govt./other | 104 (40.63) | 90 (44.78) | |
| Not insured | 39 (15.23) | 32 (15.92) | |
| Education | 0.84 | ||
| Less than high school diploma | 31 (11.88) | 29 (14.08) | |
| High school diploma | 59 (22.61) | 52 (25.24) | |
| Some college | 90 (34.48) | 63 (30.58) | |
| College degree/graduate work | 48 (18.39) | 38 (18.45) | |
| Graduate degree | 33 (12.64) | 24 (11.65) | |
| Income | 0.127 | ||
| <$20,000 | 61 (26.18) | 60 (28.99) | |
| $20,000–$50,000 | 78 (29.89) | 59 (28.50) | |
| $50,000–$100,000 | 61 (23.37) | 41 (19.81) | |
| $100,000+ | 33 (12.64) | 23 (11.11) | |
| Missing | 28 (10.73) | 24 (11.59) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Single/separated/Divorced/widowed | 109 (41.92) | 93 (44.93) | 0.515 |
| Married/committed relationship | 151 (58.08) | 114 (55.07) | |
| Recruitment site | 0.945 | ||
| Midwest | 104 (39.85) | 78 (37.68) | |
| Northwest 1 | 32 (12.26) | 23 (11.11) | |
| Northwest 2 | 46 (17.62) | 37 (17.87) | |
| West | 23 (8.81) | 22 (10.63) | |
| Southwest | 56 (21.46) | 47 (22.71) | |
| Obese | 0.68 | ||
| Yes | 100 (38.31) | 82 (40.20) | |
| No | 161 (61.69) | 122 (59.80) | |
| Diagnosis | 0.91 | ||
| Unstable angina | 55 (21.07) | 47 (22.71) | |
| NSTEMI | 141 (54.02) | 110 (53.14) | |
| STEMI | 65 (24.90) | 50 (24.15) | |
| Diabetes | 0.38 | ||
| Yes | 74 (28.35) | 66 (32.04) | |
| No | 187 (71.65) | 140 (67.96) | |
| Hypertension | 0.45 | ||
| Yes | 175 (67.83) | 147 (71.01) | |
| No | 83 (32.17) | 60 (28.99) | |
| Family history heart disease/premature cardiac death | 0.78 | ||
| Yes | 116 (46.03) | 96 (47.29) | |
| No | 136 (53.97) | 107 (52.71) | |
| Current smoker | 68 (26.05) | 44 (21.26) | 0.22 |
| Yes | 193 (73.95) | 163 (78.74) | |
| No | |||
| Mode of arrival to the ED | 0.52 | ||
| Self-transport | 137 (52.69) | 106 (51.71) | |
| Ambulance/paramedic | 112 (43.08) | 94 (45.85) | |
| Transfer from another facility | 11 (4.23) | 5 (2.44) |
ED: emergency department; Govt.: government; NSTEMI: non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; SD: standard deviation; STEMI: ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
Statistically significant values are bolded.