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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Aug 13;18(4):813–821.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.08.014

Figure 3: Reversible opioid-induced achalasia type 3 (OA3) following cessation of opioid therapy.

Figure 3:

A) Initial EPT study is while patient is on daily opiate therapy, which shows findings of an A3 motor pattern. This patient’s pharmacologic response profile was typical of the opioid cohort (AN-induced rebound contraction= 28 mmHg; CCK phase-1 LES paradoxical contraction pressure = 97 mmHg; CCK phase-1 distal contractile integral (DCI) = 1464 mmHg.cm.s; CCK Phase-2 LES integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) =8 mmHg ) B) Repeat EPT study one year later, when patient was completely off opioid analgesics. There is now normal esophageal motility. Symptoms of solid and liquid dysphagia had resolved but chest pain persisted.