Table 2: Study 1 results for c-Fos principal component analysis (PCA) factor scores after a high (Clinical) or low (Milk) dose of oral oxytocin (OXT) versus saline in postnatal day (P) 14 and P21 male and female OXTR:EGFP mice.

Average c-Fos cell densities were z-scored per IHC batch and z-scores were entered into a PCA. Factor scores are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Main and interaction effects p – values are from multivariate mixed model analyses on factor scores and effect sizes are expressed in parentheses as partial eta squared values. Bold font emphasizes statistical significance. Post-hoc results are Bonferroni corrected for multiple comparisons. T = treatment; S = sex; A = age; PVN = paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus

Study 1 PCA c-Fos	Mean ± SEM				p-value (ηp2)
	Male		Female		Treat ment	Sex	Age	T × S	T × A	A × S	T × S × A	post hoc
	P14	P21	P14	P21
Factor 1 sensory-motor
Saline	−0.16 ± 0.30	−0.14 ± 0.48	0.36 ± 0.37	0.14 ± 0.36	0.49 (0.02)	0.96 (0.00)	0.93 (0.00)	0.36 (0.00)	0.57 (0.01)	0.83 (0.00)	0.60 (0.01)
Milk	0.14 ± 0.38	−0.36 ± 0.39	−0.27 ± 0.32	–0.10 ± 0.22
Clinical	0.09 ± 0.36	0.50 ± 0.27	−0.12 ± 0.21	0.12 ± 0.34
Factor 2 PVN
Saline	0.06 ± 0.28	−0.52 ± 0.33	−0.48 ± 0.34	0.25 ± 0.29	0.29 (0.03)	0.08 (0.03)	0.86 (0.00)	0.17 (0.04)	0.53 (0.01)	0.42 (0.01)	0.01 (0.10)	♂P21 saline < ♂P21 Milk & Clinical
Milk	−0.28 ± 0.36	0.64 ± 0.44	0.11 ± 0.27	−0.47 ± 0.18
Clinical	0.57 ± 0.27	0.61 ± 0.63	0.17 ± 0.27	−0.55 ± 0.14