Table 5: Study 2 results for behavioral principal component analysis (PCA) factor scores after a high (Clinical) or low (Milk) dose of oral oxytocin (OXT) versus saline with whisker brushing in postnatal day (P) 14 and P21 male and female OXTR:EGFP mice.

Average behavioral durations were entered into a PCA. Factor scores are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Main and interaction effects p – values are from multivariate mixed model analyses on factor scores and effect sizes are expressed in parentheses as partial eta squared values. Bold font emphasizes statistical significance. Post-hoc results are Bonferroni corrected for multiple comparisons. T = treatment; S = sex; A = age; PVN = paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus

Study 2 PCA behavior	Mean ± SEM				p-value (ηp2)
	Male		Female		Treat ment	Sex	Age	T × S	T × A	A × S	T × S × A	post hoc
	P14	P21	P14	P21
Factor 1 long distance activity
Saline	−0.47 ± 0.09	−0.33 ± 0.18	−0.18 ± 0.18	0.15 ± 0.37	0.28 (0.02)	0.23 (0.01)	0.00 (0.09)	0.04 (0.05)	0.28 (0.02)	0.89 (0.00)	0.95 (0.00)	♂saline < ♂Milk P14 < P21
Milk	0.04 ± 0.35	0.69 ± 0.35	−0.50 ± 0.09	0.13 ± 0.26
Clinical	−0.19 ± 0.26	0.67 ± 0.36	−0.60 ± 0.05	0.24 ± 0.30
Factor 2 proximal activity
Saline	−0.59 ± 0.10	0.63 ± 0.58	−0.54 ± 0.09	0.30 ± 0.26	0.98 (0.00)	0.64 (0.00)	0.00 (0.38)	0.85 (0.00)	0.93 (0.00)	0.94 (0.00)	0.27 (0.02)	P14 < P21
Milk	−0.64 ± 0.07	0.46 ± 0.25	−0.51 ± 0.14	0.39 ± 0.23
Clinical	−0.44 ± 0.17	0.41 ± 0.19	−0.76 ± 0.06	0.62 ± 0.29
Factor 3 oromotor activity
Saline	−0.44 ± 0.08	−0.05 ± 0.27	0.18 ± 0.23	0.11 ± 0.28	0.39 (0.01)	0.58 (0.00)	0.13 (0.02)	0.03 (0.05)	0.11 (0.03)	0.78 (0.00)	0.21 (0.02)	♀saline > ♀Milk & Clinical
Milk	0.05 ± 0.25	−0.27 ± 0.15	−0.27 ± 0.12	−0.52 ± 0.07
Clinical	0.35 ± 0.38	−0.41 ± 0.11	−0.27 ± 0.19	−0.43 ± 0.11