Extended Data Fig. 7. Humoral immune response in BAL and plasma after BCG immunization.
Mtb-responsive antibody responses were assessed in BAL and plasma after BCG immunization. Mtb WCL-specific IgG, IgA and IgM antibody titres were measured from individual NHPs at various time points before and after BCG immunization. Shown are end-point titres for IgG and IgA and mid-point titres for IgM (in which the end point was not reached) a, Antibody titres in tenfold-concentrated BAL fluid (cohorts 1–4, n = 11–13 macaques except at weeks 2, 20 and 24, cohort 4 only, n = 3 macaques). In concentrated BAL fluid, antigen-responsive IgG, IgA and IgM were detected only in IV-BCG-immunized NHPs and returned to pre-vaccination levels by the time of challenge. b, Antibody titres in plasma (n = 11–13 macaques). In plasma, both IDhigh and IV BCG elicited increased IgG and IgA antibody responses compared to IDlow BCG. Data are geometric mean and s.d.; dashed line indicates assay limit of detection. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare all vaccine groups to IDlow at weeks 4, 16 and 24 (BAL) or weeks 4 and 24 (plasma); P values are from Dunn’s multiple comparison test (colour-coded to vaccine).