Table 1.
Fusarium oxysporum (Fo)-mediated biocontrol in various plant species.
| Fo | Host plant | Pathogen (P) | Inoculation method | Protected organ | Biocontrol mechanism | Publication |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fon (60-3A) Fon (ATCC 18467) Foc (ATCC 16416) |
Watermelon (C. lanatus) |
Fon ATCC 62940 C. lagenarium |
Fo: root inoc Fo f.sp. niveum: root inoc C. lagenarium: leaf inoc |
Root and shoot | Induced resistance | (Biles and Martyn, 1989) |
| Fo f.sp. dianthi (WCS816) |
Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol (WCS 801) |
Co-inoc +split root system |
Root | Induced resistance | (Kroon et al., 1991) |
|
5a1 T Fop2 11V N1.5 |
Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol | Fo: soil inoc P: root inoc |
Root | Induced resistance | (Tamietti et al., 1993) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol8 and Fol8B | Soil inoc ± split root system |
Root | Induced resistance | (Fuchs et al., 1997) |
| Fo47 CWB 306 CWB 307 * |
Asparagus (A. officinalis) |
Foa | Soil inoc | Root | Competition for nutrients | (Blok et al., 1997) |
| Fol218 Fon23M Fon18M |
Tomato (S. lycopersicum) Muskmelon (C. melo) |
Fol4287 Fon23M Fon18M Fon11-27 |
Fo: root (co)inoc P: root inoc |
Root | Induced resistance and competition | (Huertas-Gonzalez et al., 1998) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol32 | Fo: soil pre-inoc ± split root system P: soil inoc |
Root | Induced resistance and antagonism | (Duijff et al., 1998) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol8 | Soil pre-inoc | Root | Induced resistance | (Fuchs et al., 1999) |
| Fo47 ** |
Flax (L. usitatissimum) |
Foln3GUS | Co-inoc | Root | Competition for carbon and iron | (Duijff et al., 1999) |
| Fo47 CS-20 |
Tomato (S. lycopersicum) Watermelon (C. lanatus) |
Fol IA-7 Fob MD-1 Fon CS93-8 |
Fo: soil pre-inoc ± split root system P: soil inoc |
Root | Induced resistance and competition | (Larkin and Fravel, 1999) |
| Fo47 | Eucalyptus (E. viminalis) |
Foeu1 | Root co-inoc | Root | Competition for infection sites | (Salerno et al., 2000) |
| CS-20 | Basil (O. basilicum) |
Fo-B1 | Fo: Drench inoc P: present in seeds |
Root | Induced resistance | (Fravel and Larkin, 2002) |
| CWB312 CWB314 CWB318 |
Asparagus (A. officinalis) |
Foa | Fo: soil pre-inoc ± split root system P: soil inoc |
Root | Induced resistance | (He et al., 2002) |
| Fo47 | Cucumber (C. sativus) |
P. ultimum (BARR 447) |
Fo: soil pre-inoc P: root inoc |
Root | Antibiosis, mycoparasitism and induced resistance | (Benhamou et al., 2002) |
| Fo47 | Flax (L. usitatissimum) |
Foln3 | Soil co-inoc | Root | - | (Trouvelot et al., 2002) |
| CS-20 CWB312 CWB314 CWB318 Fo47 |
Asparagus (A. officinalis) |
Foa | Fo: root/soil pre-inoc P: soil inoc |
Root | Induced resistance and competition | (Elmer, 2004) |
| 205 Fo from tomato fields in Florida * |
Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol 32SK-3 | Fo: soil inoc P: present in seeds |
Root | Antagonism | (Bao et al., 2004) |
| Fol (ATCC 48112) |
Pepper (C. annuum) |
P. capsici UDC1PC V. dahliae B. cinerea B0510 |
Fo: root pre-inoc V. dahliae: root inoc P. capsici: soil inoc B. cinerea: leaf drop-inoc |
Root and Shoot | Induced resistance | (Díaz et al., 2005) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Forl (ZUM 2407) |
Soil co-inoc | Root | Induced resistance and competition | (Bolwerk et al., 2005) |
| CAV 255 CAV 241 Fo47 * |
Banana (M. acuminata) |
Fo f.sp. cubense (CAV 045) |
Fo: soil pre-inoc P: soil inoc |
Root | – | (Nel et al., 2006) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol8 | Soil co-inoc | Root | Competition for nutrients | (Olivain et al., 2006) |
| Fo52 Fo47 Fo47b10 |
Chickpea (C. arietinum) |
Fo f.sp. ciceri | Fo: soil pre-inoc ± split root system P: soil inoc |
Root | Induced resistance | (Kaur and Singh, 2007) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol8 | Root co-inoc | Root | competition | (Nahalkova et al., 2008) |
| Fo47 *** |
Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
P. oligandrum B. cinerea |
Root co-inoc | Root and Shoot | Antibiosis, mycoparasitism and induced resistance | (Le Floch et al., 2009) |
| Fo (F2) | Eggplant (S. melongena) |
V. dahliae | Fo: root pre-inoc ± split root system P: root inoc |
Root | competition | (Pantelides et al., 2009) |
| Fo47 | Pepper (C. annuum) |
V. dahliae UDC53Vd P. caspici PC450 B. cinerea B0510 |
Fo: root pre-inoc V. dahliae: root inoc P. capsici: soil/leaf inoc B. cinerea: leaf drop-inoc |
Root | induced resistance and antagonism/competition | (Veloso and Díaz, 2012) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol8 | Fo: root pre-inoc P: root inoc |
Root | Induced resistance | (Aimé et al., 2013) |
| CS-20 | Cucumber (C. sativus) |
Foc | Fo: root pre-inoc P: root inoc | Root | Induced resistance | (Pu et al., 2014) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Forl12 | Fo: soil pre-inoc ± split root system P: soil inoc |
Root | Induced resistance and competition | (Aïcha et al., 2014) |
| Fo47 | Pepper (C. annuum) |
V. dahliae (UDC53Vd) |
Fo: root pre-inoc P: root-inoc |
Root | Induced resistance and competition | (Veloso et al., 2016) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol007 | Root co-inoc | Root | Induced resistance and competition | (de Lamo et al., 2018) |
| Fo47 **** |
Watermelon (C. lanatus) Cotton (Gossypium sp.) Eggplant (S. melongena) |
Fon Fo f.sp. vasinfectum V. dahliae |
Soil inoc | Root | Competition | (Zhang et al., 2018) |
| Fo47 | Tomato (S. lycopersicum) |
Fol4287 | Root co-inoc | Root | Induced resistance and competition | (Constantin et al., 2019) |
Fo endophytes are depicted in the first column; root or soil inoculation is abbreviated as root- or soil inoc; when endophytes and pathogen have been inoculated separately they are abbreviated as “Fo” and “P” respectively; otherwise as co-inoc, ± split root system indicate that both setups have been used in the study. Inoculations are typically performed by incubating roots in a spore suspension or by adding spores to the soil as indicated.
*Screening including several Fo strains.
**Fo47 inoculum also tested in combination with Pseudomonas sp.
***Fo47 inoculum mixed with Trichoderma harzianum.
****Fo47 inoculum also tested in combination with different actinomycete bacteria.