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. 2020 Feb 12;10:2483. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59064-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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CW–ODMR spectrum: red luminescence as a function of MW frequency. (a) Under the static magnetic field of a permanent magnet, four NV orientations produce eight dips based on the Zeeman effect. (b) Enlarged view of the dip with the lowest frequency (dotted square region in (a)). The blue line represents the curve fitted by the Lorentz function (Eq. (2)). (c) The signal $\frac{d I (f)}{d f}$ can be detected by the lock-in amplifier.