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. 2020 Jan 10;12(1):171. doi: 10.3390/cancers12010171

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic representation of how extracellular vesicles (Evs) influence metabolism in the tumor microenvironment. Small extracellular vesicles derived from cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF-EVs) can stimulate glycolysis and OXPHOS by metabolite cargo and mtDNA. Colorectal cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (CRC-sEVS) can transport miRNA (i.e., miR-122) that can reduce glucose uptake in normal fibroblasts, and other proteins and enzymes that influence glycolysis in cancer cells. Finally, colorectal cancer-derived medium extracellular vesicles (CRC-mEVs) can increase glycolysis in normal fibroblasts.