Table 1.

SCD inhibitors used in the literature and related pathologies.

Inhibitor	Pathology	Tissue/Organ	Dose	Effect	References
A939572 (Bristol-Meyer Squibb)	Alopecia, Hypoplasia of meibomiam and sebaceous glands	Skin	3–60 mg/Kg	Sebaceous gland atrophy, reduction of lipid content	[14]
	Cancer	Pharynx Stomach Kidney Thyroid	19 nM 100 mg/Kg 6–65 nM 5–100 nM	Cell growth inhibition, cell death	[38,39,40]
		Cancer stem cells, mouse embryos Ovarian cancer Stem cells	75–100 nM 5 μM	Induce cell death thought ER stress, UPR Induce ferroptosis and apoptotic ceramides	[17,41]
CAY10566 (Cayman Chemical)	Cancer	Liver Ovary Colon	7–8 nM, 5 μM 1 μM	Cell growth inhibition, decrease in the oleic content, alterations in autophagy	[14,42,43,44]
		Cancer stem cells	75 nM 1–5 μM	Reduce cell viability Reduce NFκB signaling Induce ferroptosis and apoptotic ceramides	[17,41,42]
PluriSIn#1	Cancer	Cancer stem cells Cancer cell lines, Fibroblast, mouse embryos	20 μM	Induce cell death thought ER stress, UPR, and ROS/NOS	[41]
MF-438	Cancer	Thyroid Lung	2–5 nM	Cell growth inhibition, cell death, decrease of ALDH1A levels	[14]
		Lung cancer stem Cells Ovarian cancer Stem cells	0.007–50 μM 1 μM	Induce cycle arrest, apoptosis, RE stress, and autophagy Induce ferroptosis and apoptotic ceramides	[17,45]
MK-8245 (Merk Frosst)	Type II diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity	Liver	20–60 mg/Kg	Antidyslipidemic Antidiabetic	[46]
SCDi I/II	Cancer	Breast and prostate cancer cell lines	0.001 nM–100 μM	Cytochrome C dependent apoptosis and tumor growth inhibition	[47]
CVT-11127	Cancer	Lung cancer cells	1 μM	Inhibit cell cycle and induce cell apoptosis	[48]
XEN103 (Novartis)	Acne	Skin	2–14 nM	Sebaceous gland atrophy Blockage of SCD1 transcription induced by androgens Phosphatidylcholine decrease of monounsaturated acyl chains	[14,49]
Sterculic Acid	Metabolic syndrome	Adipose tissue Liver	Diets supplemented with 0.4%–1.3% of SO	Blood pressure decrease, loss of body weight, decrease of serum triglyceride levels, decrease of arachidonic acid levels, improvement of glucose clearance, reduction of hepatic steatosis	[50,51,52,53]
	Parasitic diseases (toxoplasmosis, malaria, and tuberculosis)	Small intestine Erythrocytes Lungs	870 μM–1 mM, 10–100 μg/mL	Cell cytotoxicity at high concentrations, inhibition of tachyzoites release, inhibition of oleic acid synthesis	[54,55,56]
	Age-related macular degeneration	Retina	1–10 μM	Counteracts the inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of 7-ketocholesterol, but seems to be independent from its capacity to inhibit SCD1	[57,58]