Table 1.
Signaling pathways regulating disseminated metastatic cell fate.
| Signaling Pathway | Biological Outcome |
|---|---|
| CollagenI (ECM stiffness)–Integrin–MLC–FAK/ERK/Src | Quiescence to proliferative switch at metastatic site |
| LOXL (Collagen crosslinking) | Metastatic efficiency |
| NETs–cleaved laminin–MLCK–YAP | Outgrowth of metastatic dormant cells |
| VWF/VCAM-1–Integrin | Resistance to chemotherapy of metastatic dormant cells |
| TNC – Notch/Wnt | Increased fitness of disseminated cells |
| TGFβ–fibrillar FN–Integrin–FAK/ERK | Metastatic cell survival |
| FN–ERK/p38 ratio | Quiescence to proliferative switch at primary site |
| Mucin-1–Integrin–PI3K/AKT | Increased fitness of disseminated cells |
| TSP-1 | Quiescence of disseminated cells |
| POSTN–BMP1/LOX and Wnt | Metastatic cell outgrowth |
| Rif/mDia2 + ILK/β-Parvin/Cofilin-FLPs | Metastatic cell outgrowth |
| Fascin–Filopodia | Metastatic efficiency |
| L1CAM–Integrin–ILK–YAP/MRTFs | Metastatic cell survival and outgrowth |
| Collagen–DDR1–JAK/STAT3 | Outgrowth of metastatic dormant cells |
| Syndecans–PAR polarity complexes-ERK | Metastatic cell quiescence |
| TGF-β superfamily | Ligand- and organ-dependent control of quiescence or proliferation of disseminated cells |