Table 2.

Survival analysis of histopathologic data of patients with PDAC UICC stage II to IV.

Category	Number of PDAC Patients	Predicted Median OS 1 (Months)	95% CI 2	p-Value
Total	56	13	7.9–18.1
Age (years)				0.330
<60	19	11	5.8–16.2
≥60	37	14	7.1–20.9
Gender				0.895
Female	20	17	6.9–27.1
Male	36	13	9.1–16.9
Body mass index				0.542
<25	33	13	7.4–18.6
≥25	23	14	9.2–18.8
Smoking				0.905
No	36	14	5.9–22.1
Yes	20	11	4.4–17.6
Alcohol				0.621
No	49	13	6.5–19.5
Yes	7	4	1.9–6.1
Pre-surgical diabetes mellitus				0.128
No	38	17	12.6–21.4
Yes	18	10	6.5–13.5
Pre-surgical pancreatitis				0.994
No	46	13	7.2–18.8
Yes	10	12	2.2–21.8
Pre-surgical CA.19-9 (U/L)				0.600
<30	12	18	5.7–30.3
≥30	43	13	8.6–17.4
Pre-surgical CEA (ng/mL)				0.960
<5	35	18	10.9–25.1
≥5	14	17	10.7–23.3
Pre-surgical bilirubin (mg/dL)				0.984
<1.2	35	13	4.7–21.3
≥1.2	20	14	7.7–20.3
UICC stage				0.013
IIA	4	NR 3
IIB	14	18
III	22	17	8.7–25.3
IV	16	8	5.8–10.2
T stage				0.062
T1	1	NR
T2	5	NR
T3	22	14	4.2–23.8
T4	24	11	4.6–17.4
Nodal invasion				0.373
N0	9	34
N1	23	12	5.5–18.5
N2	6	10
Metastasis				0.008
M0	40	18	11.0–25.0
M1	16	8	5.8–10.2
Type of surgery				0.006
PPPD 4	15	NR
Pancreatic left resection	9	18
Excisional biopsy	32	11	6.6–15.4
Administration of chemotherapy				<0.001
No	9	4
Yes	46	14	7.2–20.8

Bold values indicate significance (p ≤ 0.05, log-rank test). ¹ OS, overall survival; ² CI, confidence interval; ³ NR, not reached; ⁴ PPPD, pylorus-preserving pandreaticoduodenectomy.