Table 4.
Acute toxicity study in mice treated with CA, CMCA, and α-KAMCA NPs (n = 5). Phos—phosphate; ALP—alkaline phosphatase; TP—total protein; ALB—albumin; TBil—total bilirubin; Amy—amylase; ALT—alanine transaminase.
| Blood Chemistry Test | Untreated Mice | CA NPs | CMCA NPs | α-KAMCA NPs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | p-Value | Mean ± SD | p-Value | Mean ± SD | p-Value | |
| Na+ (mmol/L) | 149.8 ± 1.92 | 150.8 ± 2.49 | Not significant | 155.8 ± 0.84 | 0.003 | 160.8 ± 2.95 | 0.001 |
| K+ (mmol/L) | 4.16 ± 0.3 | 4.74 ± 0.63 | Not significant | 3.88 ± 0.28 | Not significant | 4.44 ± 0.23 | Not significant |
| Cl− (mmol/L) | 113.6 ± 1.52 | 114 ± 3.94 | Not significant | 119.8 ± 1.30 | 0.007 | 123.2 ± 2.59 | 0.001 |
| Ca2+ (mmol/L) | 2.04 ± 0.11 | 2.18 ± 0.43 | Not significant | 2.5 ± 0.96 | Not significant | 2.3 ± 0.28 | Not significant |
| Phos (mmol/L) | 2.38 ± 0.13 | 4.16 ± 1.1 | 0.003 | 2.56 ± 0.52 | Not significant | 3.46 ± 0.51 | Not significant |
| ALP (U/L) | 82.8 ± 8.53 | 84.6 ± 7.67 | Not significant | 76.6 ± 9.6 | Not significant | 87 ± 10.37 | Not significant |
| TP (g/L) | 43.72 ± 2.29 | 48.02 ± 4.42 | Not significant | 45.4 ± 1.89 | Not significant | 50.94 ± 3.89 | Not significant |
| ALB (g/L) | 25.12 ± 1.6 | 26.86 ± 2.7 | Not significant | 26.2 ± 2.24 | Not significant | 27.62 ± 4.42 | Not significant |
| TBil (µmol/L) | 5.2 ± 0.35 | 4.56 ± 0.55 | Not significant | 5.86 ± 1.68 | Not significant | 4.74 ± 0.42 | Not significant |
| Urea (mmol/L) | 9.52 ± 1.68 | 11.44 ± 2.46 | Not significant | 10.84 ± 1.03 | Not significant | 14.98 ± 1.82 | 0.01 |
| Amy (U/L) | 1532 ± 85.84 | 1601.4 ± 160.98 | Not significant | 1475.8 ± 70.12 | Not significant | 1708 ± 151.49 | Not significant |
| ALT (U/L) | 22.8 ± 3.19 | 32 ± 10.95 | Not significant | 25 ± 4.47 | Not significant | 30 ± 5.5 | Not significant |