Study	Reason for exclusion
Ailani 1999	Doxycycline versus standard therapy ‐ latter arm not differentiated to regimens with atypical coverage and those without such coverage
Aubier 1996	Pooled analysis of 2 studies (1 = this paper) Sparfloxacin versus comparator arm, including erythromycin The results of studies are combined, thus no differentiation between atypical and non‐atypical coverage Note: very large study (N = 1137
Chokshi 2007	Retrospective observational cohort study
Donowitz 1997	Outpatients
Fass 1989	Study of general serious infections Of 98 participants, 29 were non‐randomized but included with randomized participants in the analysis Only 21/98 participants with pneumonia, some may be nosocomial
File 1997	Atypical coverage (macrolide or doxycycline) could be added to non‐atypical arm at investigator's discretion (if atypical pathogens were suspected or proven)
Fink 1994	Of 402 participants randomized, 78% were diagnosed with nosocomial pneumonia
Fong 1995	Outpatients
Geijo Martinez 2002	Non‐atypical group were given a macrolide optionally
Hagberg 2002	Outpatients
Hoepelman 1993	Most probably outpatients. The data is consistent with outpatients (rather than hospitalized patients), both in antibiotic regimen, follow‐up setting and results; however, not stated specifically in the text. Trial author did not reply to further enquires. After consulting with the third review author (MP), we had decided it was most probably outpatients and therefore excluded it 9 of 99 patients with pneumonia; data not given separately
Katz 2004	In the typical arm, patients could receive azithromycin or/and flagyl
Khajotia 1990	Over 80% lower respiratory tract infection without parenchymal involvement per chest X‐ray. No separate information given for the (15 + 7) patients with CAP
Kinasewitz 1991	Outpatients
Krumpe 1999	Study of treatment of severe infections: of 540 patients enrolled, 310 were diagnosed with pneumonia, of whom more than 50% (57% of original patients) were diagnosed with nosocomial pneumonia
Kuzman 2005	In the typical arm 30% received doxycycline
Leophonte 1999	Meta‐analysis of 5 trials, out of which 2 are included and 2 are excluded in this study; the fifth is yet to be located
Levine 1989	> 30% dropout rate (45/113 patients)
Lode 1987	Study of general severe clinical infections. Pneumonia patients 25/66, some may be nosocomial (no response from trial author)
Lode 1990	Reports 4 trials. The first is included in our study and the second compares two quinolones. The third and the forth have insufficient data regarding the study populations and outcomes. Not published elsewhere
Lode 1998	Retroactive analysis of 4 randomized clinical trials, concentrating on CAP patients with pneumococcal bacteraemia. Relevant studies were extracted and analyzed separately
Lode 2004	Both ambulatory and hospitalized patients could be included in the study but that information was not recorded. Therefore, the proportion of hospitalized patients is unknown
Mendoca 2004	In the typical arm 11% received a macrolide antibiotic
Mouton 1991	Non‐atypical group were given amoxicillin and/or erythromycin
O'Doherty 1997	Outpatients
Ott 2008	Study of aspiration pneumonia and lung abscess
Peacock 1987	Study of general serious infections. Small number of pneumonia patients (7 and 4)
Plouffe 1996	Ofloxacin versus standard therapy ‐ latter arm not differentiated to regimens with atypical coverage and those without such coverage
Rahav 2004	Outpatients
Siami 1995	Of 54 randomized patients, 89% were diagnosed with nosocomial pneumonia and only 11% diagnosed with CAP
Sifuentes 1989	Study of general severe infections. Small number of pneumonia patients. Data of mortality not given separately
Snydman 1995	Previously published (Fink 1994, excluded due to a high percentage of nosocomial pneumonia in enrolled patients)
Stocks 1989	Outpatients
Sujata 2008	In the typical arm, patients could receive macrolide
Torres 2003	Outpatients
Trenholme 1989	Over 50% of treated patients (27/44) were diagnosed with nosocomial pneumonia Ciprofloxacin versus ceftazidime ‐ when feasible, patients in latter group were switched to ANY alternative oral therapy
Welte 2005	In the typical arm, patients could receive erythromycin
Wollschlager 1987	Outpatients Bacterial bronchitis

CAP: community‐acquired pneumonia