Table 1.
Gene expression studies on human material that highlight the prognostic role of SRPK1 in various cancers. Cancers are listed according to their global estimated number of new cases (highest to lowest; GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates) [28].
| Cancer type (Primary Location) | Approach Followed (Testing on Histology Samples/Blood; Data Mining) | Level Tested (mRNA; Protein) | Clinical Significance | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lung | data mining; histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in NSCLC and was associated with higher tumor stage and shorter survival | [29] |
| histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in NSCLC | [30] | |
| data mining | mRNA | ↑SRPK1 was found in lung adenocarcinoma (a NSCLC histologic type) | [31] | |
| Breast | histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in breast cancer and was associated with higher tumor stage and shorter survival | [32] |
| histology samples; data mining | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was associated with shorter survival in breast cancer and metastatic disease to the lungs and brain | [33] | |
| data mining | mRNA | ↑SRPK1 was associated with shorter survival in HER2-negative breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy | [34] | |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in breast cancer | [35] | |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in breast cancer | [22] | |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in breast cancer and was associated with higher tumor grade | [36] | |
| Prostate | histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in prostate cancer and its precursor (PIN) | [26] |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in prostate cancer and was associated with higher stage | [37] | |
| Colorectal | histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in colon cancer and its precursor (adenoma) | [22] |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in colon cancer and was associated with higher tumor grade | [36] | |
| histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in colorectal cancer and was associated with higher tumor stage and shorter survival | [38] | |
| histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in colorectal cancer and was associated with higher tumor stage and shorter survival | [39] | |
| histology samples | mRNA | ↑SRPK1 was found in colorectal cancer and its precursor (adenoma) | [31] | |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 and p-AKT were found in colon cancer | [40] | |
| Stomach | data mining | mRNA | ↑SRPK1 was found in gastric cancer | [31] |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in gastric cancer and was associated with higher tumor stage and shorter survival | [41] | |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in gastric cancer | [42] | |
| histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in gastric cancer and was associated with higher tumor stage and shorter survival | [43] | |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in gastric cancer and was associated with higher tumor grade, stage, and shorter survival | [44] | |
| Liver | histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was associated with higher stage and shorter survival; SRPK1 expression was inversely correlated with miR-1296 expression | [45] |
| histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in liver cancer and was associated with higher stage and shorter survival | [46] | |
| histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in liver cancer | [47] | |
| Esophagus | histology samples | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in esophageal cancer and was associated with higher grade, stage, and shorter survival | [48] |
| Pancreas | histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in pancreatic cancer and its precursor (dysplasia) | [22] |
| Leukemia | blood | mRNA; protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in acute ATL | [49] |
| Kidney | histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in renal cell carcinoma | [50] |
| Glioma | histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in gliomas and was associated with lower rather than higher tumor grade | [51] |
| histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in glioblastomas (Grade IV gliomas) and was associated with shorter survival | [52] | |
| Ovary | histology samples | protein | ↑SRPK1 was found in ovarian cancer | [53] |
| histology samples | mRNA | ↑SRPK1 was found in ovarian cancer | [54] | |
| Testis | histology samples | protein | ↓SRPK1 was associated with resistance to chemotherapy in NSGCTs | [23] |
| Eye | histology samples | protein | ↓SRPK1 was found in advanced retinoblastomas, especially the ones that recurred or metastasized | [55] |
SRPK1, serine-arginine protein kinase 1; NSCLC, non-small cell lung carcinoma; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; PIN, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia; miR-1296, microRNA 1296; ATL, adult T-cell leukemia; p-AKT, phosphorylated-protein kinase B; NSGCTs, non-seminomatous germ cell tumors.