Table 1.

DNA methylation in IS.

Study Model	Condition/Effects	Outcomes	References
MCAO rat	Pharmacological inhibition of DNMT	Infarct size Cerebral ischemic damage	[41,42,43]
MCAO rat	Increased demethylation of NKCC1	Cerebral ischemic injury	[44]
Rat endothelial cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)	Hypermethylation of THBS1	Angiogenesis	[45]
Hypertensive and stroke patients	Hypermethylation of CBS	Homocysteinemia stroke occurrence	[47]
Stroke patients	Hypermethylation of TM	Vascular endothelial damage Risk of IS	[48]
Meta-analysis study of stroke patients Stroke patients	Hypermethylation of ApoE	Lipoprotein accumulation Atherosclerotic cerebral infarction	[56,57]
Stroke patients	Hypermethylation of CDKN2B	Aortic arch calcification	[58]
Elderly patients	Hypomethylation of LINE-1	VCAM-1 level	[61]
Stroke patients receiving antiplatelet drugs	Hypomethylation of TRAF3 and PPM1A	Stroke occurrence	[62,63]

Legend: indicates decrease whereas indicates increase.